Enhancement of photocatalytic activity by metal deposition: characterisation and photonic efficiency of Pt, Au and Pd deposited on TiO2 catalyst

Sakthivel, S.; Shankar, M.V.; Palanichamy, M.; Arabindoo, Banumathi; Bahnemann, Detlef W.; Murugesan, V.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2004.04.046

Cited by 806 publications

(399 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Rosseler et al observed the enhancement of hydrogen evolution rate at an increased loading of Au nanoparticles on TiO 2 , which is partially due to the increase of particle size from 3 to 8 nm 34. Sakthivel et al reported that the photocatalytic activity increased with the increase of noble metal loading up to an optimal level due to the decreased recombination of electrons and holes 35. In addition to the reduced photoabsorption of TiO 2 , the overloaded noble metals on TiO 2 acted as recombination centers of electrons and holes, causing detrimental effect to photocatalyst performance 35.…”

Section: Photocatalytic Water Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sakthivel et al reported that the photocatalytic activity increased with the increase of noble metal loading up to an optimal level due to the decreased recombination of electrons and holes 35. In addition to the reduced photoabsorption of TiO 2 , the overloaded noble metals on TiO 2 acted as recombination centers of electrons and holes, causing detrimental effect to photocatalyst performance 35. On the other hand, noble metal oxides such as RuO 2 and IrO 2 are used as efficient cocatalysts on TiO 2 for water oxidation reaction through improving its photocatalytic activity in oxygen production.…”

Section: Photocatalytic Water Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

et al. 2017

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Hydrogen is readily obtained from renewable and non‐renewable resources via water splitting by using thermal, electrical, photonic and biochemical energy. The major hydrogen production is generated from thermal energy through steam reforming/gasification of fossil fuel. As the commonly used non‐renewable resources will be depleted in the long run, there is great demand to utilize renewable energy resources for hydrogen production. Most of the renewable resources may be used to produce electricity for driving water splitting while challenges remain to improve cost‐effectiveness. As the most abundant energy resource, the direct conversion of solar energy to hydrogen is considered the most sustainable energy production method without causing pollutions to the environment. In overall, this review briefly summarizes thermolytic, electrolytic, photolytic and biolytic water splitting. It highlights photonic and electrical driven water splitting together with photovoltaic‐integrated solar‐driven water electrolysis.

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Section: Photocatalytic Water Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photocatalytic Water Splittingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

et al. 2017

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“…When the size of the metal particles is less than 2.0 nm, the composites display exceptional catalytic behavior [93]. It has been suggested that too high a concentration of metal particles reduces photon absorption by TiO 2 and allows the metal particles to become electron-hole recombination centers, resulting in lower efficiency [94].…”

Section: Addition Of Noble Metalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of TiO2 nanoparticles

2011

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Climate change and the consumption of non-renewable resources are considered as the greatest problems facing humankind. Because of this, photocatalysis research has been rapidly expanding. TiO 2 nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for photocatalytic applications including the decomposition of organic compounds and production of H 2 as a fuel using solar energy. This article reviews the structure and electronic properties of TiO 2 , compares TiO 2 with other common semiconductors used for photocatalytic applications and clarifies the advantages of using TiO 2 nanoparticles. TiO 2 is considered close to an ideal semiconductor for photocatalysis but possesses certain limitations such as poor absorption of visible radiation and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron/hole pairs. In this review article, various methods used to enhance the photocatalytic characteristics of TiO 2 including dye sensitization, doping, coupling and capping are discussed. Environmental and energy applications of TiO 2 , including photocatalytic treatment of wastewater, pesticide degradation and water splitting to produce hydrogen have been summarized. Historical backgroundThe growth of industry worldwide has tremendously increased the generation and accumulation of waste byproducts. In general, the production of useful products has been focused on and the generation of waste byproducts has been largely ignored. This has caused severe environmental problems that have become a major concern. Researchers all over the world have been working on various approaches to address this issue. Photoinduced processes have been studied and various applications have been developed. One important technique for removing industrial waste is the use of light energy (electromagnetic radiation) and particles sensitive to this energy to mineralize waste which aids in its removal from solution. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) is considered very close to an ideal semiconductor for photocatalysis because of its high stability, low cost and safety toward both humans and the environment.*Corresponding author (email: shipra.mital@gmail.com)In 1964, Kato et al.[1] published their work on the photocatalytic oxidation of tetralin (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) by a TiO 2 suspension, which was followed by McLintock et al. [2] investigating the photocatalytic oxidation of ethylene and propylene in the presence of oxygen adsorbed on TiO 2 . However, the most important discovery that extensively promoted the field of photocatalysis was the "Honda-Fujishima Effect" first described by Fujishima and Honda in 1972 [3]. This well-known chemical phenomenon involves electrolysis of water, which is related to photocatalysis. Photoirradiation of a TiO 2 (rutile) single crystal electrode immersed in an aqueous electrolyte solution induced the evolution of oxygen from the TiO 2 electrode and the evolution of hydrogen from a platinum counterelectrode when an anodic bias was applied to the TiO 2 working electrode. In 1977, Frank and Bard [4] examined the reduction of ...

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“…The room temperature absorption spectrum of the TiO 2 nanoparticles is shown in Figure 3. TiO 2 exhibited larger absorption in the visible light region with an onset absorption band at 280-400 nm The absorption spectrum of TiO 2 at 400 nm is due to the charge transfer from the valence band (mainly formed by 2p orbitals of the oxide anions) to the conduction band (mainly formed by 3d t 2g orbitals of the Ti 4 + cations) [22]. The obtained result showed a strong, but broad peak located at a range 290-400 nm (Figure 2).…”

Section: Preparation and Characterisation Of Photocatalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic degradation of textile dyes by hydrogel supported titanium dioxide nanoparticles

Harikumar¹,

Joseph²,

Dhanya³

2013

J Environ Eng Ecol Sci

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Background: Textile industry has been condemned as one of the world's worst offenders in terms of pollution because 10-15% of all the dyes used in the industry are lost within wastewater during processing. The presence of even very low concentrations of dyes in effluent is highly visible and degradation products of these textile dyes are often carcinogenic. Owing to the complex nature of synthetic dyes, conventional biological treatment methods are ineffective. Hence there exist needs for developing treatment techniques that can lead to the complete destruction of the dye molecules from waste stream. The current study focused to develop a new photocatalytic reactor using immobilized TiO 2 capacity to decolourise and degrade textile industry effluent in an effective way. Methods: TiO 2 nanoparticles synthesized by simple precipitation method at pH 5 was successfully entrapped in biopolymer calcium (Ca)-alginate and used as heterogeneous photocatalyst for the degradation of various textile dyes using UV radiations. Photocatalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The influence of previous operational parameters on the photodegradation has been studied by setting up a laboratory scale photocatalytic reactor. Results: The scanning electron microscopic images indicate that, the alginate gel acts as a bridge that binds the nanoparticles together. The experimental results showed that the rate of degradation depends on the chemical structure of different dyes as well as adsorption of dyes by TiO 2 which is directly proportional to the surface area and dispersion of the catalyst, the adsorption of light by the dye. The kinetics of COD disappearance was slower than the discoloration of the solution. The supported TiO 2 can be used several times without lose of efficiency Conclusions: The results of this study have shown that the degradation of different textile dyes was successfully carried out in laboratory scale photoreactor containing coated TiO 2 as photo catalyst. Calcium alginate can be used as a green support for immobilizing TiO 2 nanoparticles and can be used for developing a new environment friendly immobilization system for large scale water treatment.

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Enhancement of photocatalytic activity by metal deposition: characterisation and photonic efficiency of Pt, Au and Pd deposited on TiO2 catalyst

Cited by 806 publications

References 22 publications

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

Recent Progress in Energy‐Driven Water Splitting

A review of TiO2 nanoparticles

Photocatalytic degradation of textile dyes by hydrogel supported titanium dioxide nanoparticles

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