We studied the role of miRNA‐200 family members in cellular sensitivity to paclitaxel and carboplatin, using two ovarian cancer cell lines, OVCAR‐3 and MES‐OV, and their paclitaxel resistant variants OVCAR‐3/TP and MES‐OV/TP. Both resistant variants display a strong epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype, with marked decreases in expression of miR‐200c and miR‐141 in OVCAR‐3/TP, and down‐regulation of all five members of the miR‐200 family in MES‐OV/TP. Lentiviral transfection of inhibitors of miR‐200c or miR‐141 in parental OVCAR‐3 triggered EMT and rendered the cells resistant to paclitaxel and carboplatin. Conversely, the infection of OVCAR‐3/TP cells with retroviral particles carrying the miR‐200ab429 and 200c141 clusters triggered a partial mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET). This partial MET was not sufficient to re‐sensitize OVCAR‐3/TP cells to paclitaxel. However, the miR‐200c/miR‐141 cluster transfectants became 6–8x resistant to carboplatin, an unexpected result, whereas miR‐200a/miR‐200b/miR‐429 had no effect. Transfecting the OVCAR‐3/TP GFP cells with specific miRNA mimics confirmed these data. MiR‐200c and miR‐141 mimics conferred resistance to carboplatin in MES‐OV/TP cells, similar to OVCAR‐3/TP, but sensitized MES‐OV to paclitaxel. Several genes involved in balancing oxidative stress were altered in OVCAR‐3/TP 200c141 cells compared to controls. The miR‐200 family plays major, cell‐context dependent roles in regulating EMT and sensitivity to carboplatin and paclitaxel in OVCAR‐3 and MES‐OV cells.