Enhancement of linear energy transfer in gold nanoparticles mediated radiation therapy

Gadoue, Sherif M.; Toomeh, Dolla

doi:10.1016/j.ejmp.2019.02.019

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…This implies that any biological effects triggered by the local energy deposition close to the surface of a GNP after photon interaction have a complex, yet physically understandable dependence on GNP size (and on MFG, photon fluence and photon spectrum). It should be noted that such dependence cannot be easily assessed by deterministic approaches as the one presented by Gadoue et al [40].…”

Section: Limitations Of the Concept Of A Local Dermentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Gadoue and Toomeh [40] used a deterministic code to study the enhancement of linear energy transfer and absorbed dose around single GNPs and small clusters of GNPs of 50 nm and 100 nm diameter. Their DERs for a 120 kVp X-ray spectrum in the first 25 nm around the GNPs were between about 6 and 12 for the 50 nm GNP and about 10 and 17 for the 100 nm GNP.…”

Section: Comparison With Ders Reported In Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Intercomparison of Monte Carlo calculated dose enhancement ratios for gold nanoparticles irradiated by X-rays: Assessing the uncertainty and correct methodology for extended beams

Rabus

Villagrasa

et al. 2021

Physica Medica

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Results of a Monte Carlo code intercomparison exercise for simulations of the dose enhancement from a gold nanoparticle (GNP) irradiated by X-rays have been recently reported. To highlight potential differences between codes, the dose enhancement ratios (DERs) were shown for the narrow-beam geometry used in the simulations, which leads to values significantly higher than unity over distances in the order of several tens of micrometers from the GNP surface. As it has come to our attention that the figures in our paper have given rise to misinterpretation as showing 'the' DERs of GNPs under diagnostic X-ray irradiation, this article presents estimates of the DERs that would have been obtained with realistic radiation field extensions and presence of secondary particle equilibrium (SPE). These DER values are much smaller than those for a narrow-beam irradiation shown in our paper, and significant dose enhancement is only found within a few hundred nanometers around the GNP. The approach used to obtain these estimates required the development of a methodology to identify and, where possible, correct results from simulations whose implementation deviated from the initial exercise definition. Based on this methodology, literature on Monte Carlo simulated DERs has been critically assessed.

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Section: Limitations Of the Concept Of A Local Dermentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Comparison With Ders Reported In Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Intercomparison of Monte Carlo calculated dose enhancement ratios for gold nanoparticles irradiated by X-rays: Assessing the uncertainty and correct methodology for extended beams

Rabus

Villagrasa

et al. 2021

Physica Medica

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“…However, the radiosensitization that is observed experimentally is often different than what is predicted via many computational models at the low GNP concentrations that would be required for human translation . This discrepancy is partly due to simplified simulation geometries that lack the adequate resolution that is required to take into account the enhancement in linear energy transfer (LET) that is characteristic in GNRT . The improved accuracy of models that take into account more radiobiological quantities such as LET suggests that the radiosensitization mechanism is much more complex than a simple enhancement in the physical dose, and that other physical, biological, and chemical interactions may be involved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microscopic dose enhancement was investigated by computing the differences in dose deposition from the resulting secondary electrons from gold/water and water alone . Besides the plethora of modeling work focused on microdosimetric quantities, recently there are some work quantitating the radiosensitization effect based on more radiobiological quantities …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling gold nanoparticle radiosensitization using a clustering algorithm to quantitate DNA double‐strand breaks with mixed‐physics Monte Carlo simulation

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2019

Medical Physics

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Purpose: The radiosensitization properties of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are investigated using a simple Geant4 cell model considering a realistic cell geometry and a clustering algorithm to characterize the number of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Materials and methods: A mixed-physics approach is taken for accurate modeling of low-energy photon interactions in the different regions of the model using Geant4-DNA physics within the cell, and Livermore physics within gold. Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), a clustering algorithm, is used to directly quantitate DNA DSBs after irradiation. The simulation was run using different sizes of GNPs, different distances of GNPs from the cell nucleus, and several combinations of these two conditions. Results: Four types of radiation were simulated in the work: 80-keV monoenergetic photons, 100-keV monoenergetic photons, a 250-kVp photon spectrum, and a 6-MV flattening filter free (FFF) photon spectrum. A variable enhancement in DSB yield, nucleus dose, and cell dose was observed when there are GNPs in the cell cytoplasm, and increases with larger GNPs and proximity to the nucleus. The distance of the GNPs from the nucleus has a large impact on the DSB yield and nucleus dose, but little to no effect on the cell dose. The cell dose enhancement factor of 80 keV photons varies from 1.037-1.125 at 0.2 µm for 30-100 nm GNPs to 1.040-1.127 at 4 lm. The DSB enhancement factor varies from 1.050 to 1.174 at 0.2 µm to a marginal effect of <1.01 at 4 lm. For 100 keV, the dose enhancement factor is from 1.142-1.470 at 0.2 µm to 1.106-1.371 at 4 lm. The DSB enhancement factor varies from 1.249-1.813 at 0.2 µm to almost no effect at 4 lm. For 250 kVp, the dose enhancement factor is from 1.117-1.393 at 0.2 lm to 1.110-1.342 at 4 lm. The DSB enhancement factor varies from 1.183-1.600 at 0.2 lm to a marginal effect of~1.03 at 4 lm. A 6-MV FFF shows a dose enhancement factor of 1.061-1.103 at 0.2 lm and 1.053-1.107 at 4 lm. The DSB yield varies from 1.070-1.143 at 0.2 lm to a marginal effect at 4 lm. Conclusion: The stark difference in behavior for DSB yield when compared to cell dose highlights the importance of evaluating more complex radiobiological quantities rather than dose alone when evaluating the radiosensitization properties from metallic nanomaterials. The nucleus dose showed similar characteristics to the DSB yield demonstrating the ability of the method to predict DNA damage and its relationship with nuclear dose. The proposed method provides a way to explore the radiobiological mechanisms of radiation-induced DNA damages, and it aids to evaluate the physical radiosensitization properties of GNP-aided radiotherapy, which can be easily combined with radiochemical DSB quantitation in order to better understand the intricate DNA damage induction mechanisms that are involved in GNP-aided radiotherapy.

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Radio-sensitization efficacy of gold nanoparticles in inhalational nanomedicine and the adverse effect of nano-detachment due to coating inactivation

Gadoue

Toomeh

2019

Physica Medica

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Enhancement of linear energy transfer in gold nanoparticles mediated radiation therapy

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Intercomparison of Monte Carlo calculated dose enhancement ratios for gold nanoparticles irradiated by X-rays: Assessing the uncertainty and correct methodology for extended beams

Intercomparison of Monte Carlo calculated dose enhancement ratios for gold nanoparticles irradiated by X-rays: Assessing the uncertainty and correct methodology for extended beams

Modeling gold nanoparticle radiosensitization using a clustering algorithm to quantitate DNA double‐strand breaks with mixed‐physics Monte Carlo simulation

Radio-sensitization efficacy of gold nanoparticles in inhalational nanomedicine and the adverse effect of nano-detachment due to coating inactivation

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