Enhancement of joint properties and reduction of intermetallics in FSW of highly dissimilar Al/Ti alloys

Mustafa, Saed Enam; Nandan, Rajiv; Firoz, Raashid

doi:10.1007/s40194-023-01493-8

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Cylindrical threaded Medium-carbon steel [97] AA6061-T6 and Ti6Al4V Cylindrical and tapered WC with 10% Co [98] Pure titanium (CP-Ti) and Ti6Al4V sheets Truncated conical [47] Al 6061-T6 to AISi 316 stainless steel Cylindrical WC-Co [99] AA1050 and AZ91 Cylindrical H13 steel [100] AA6061-T6 and pure Cu Cylindrical --- [101] Pure Al-pure Cu Cylindrical, tapered, straight triangle, and straight square W302 steel [102] Galvanized steel (GS) and mild steel Q235 Conical tapered WC [103] AZ31-AM60 --Tool steel [104] Table 3. FSW machines and characteristics [105].…”

Section: Al-cu Conicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Optimization and Measurement Techniques of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) Process

Prabhakar,

Korgal,

Shettigar

et al. 2023

JMMP

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This review reports on the influencing parameters on the joining parts quality of tools and techniques applied for conducting process analysis and optimizing the friction stir welding process (FSW). The important FSW parameters affecting the joint quality are the rotational speed, tilt angle, traverse speed, axial force, and tool profile geometry. Data were collected corresponding to different processing materials and their process outcomes were analyzed using different experimental techniques. The optimization techniques were analyzed, highlighting their potential advantages and limitations. Process measurement techniques enable feedback collection during the process using sensors (force, torque, power, and temperature data) integrated with FSW machines. The use of signal processing coupled with artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms produced better weld quality was discussed.

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Section: Al-cu Conicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Optimization and Measurement Techniques of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) Process

Prabhakar,

Korgal,

Shettigar

et al. 2023

JMMP

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“…However, Ti-Al intermetallic compounds (IMCs) with high brittleness will be produced at the elevated temperature [5]. On the other hand, the significant differences of physical properties exist between Ti alloys and Al alloys [6]. It is hard to achieve the joint of Ti/Al by the conventional fusion welding [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties study on Ti/Al butt joining by GMAW/GTAW hybrid welding-brazing

Li,

Zhang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Mater. Res. Express

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For adjusting the distribution of welding heat to obtain sound Ti/Al butt joints, Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)/Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) hybrid welding-brazing was introduced to join 5A06 to TC4. Then two kinds of tensile strength was tested. And the weld microstructure was observed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). Effects of welding parameters on weld reinforcement and interface characteristics were investigated. Results revealed TiAl3 IMCs layer was formed in the weld area of the titanium alloy side. The other area of weld was composed of α-Al matrix and Mg2Si+Al+Si eutectic. The back welding reinforcement was improved with the welding heat of the joint back increasing. But this may lead to a large number of molten metal flowing to the back of weld, the face reinforcement of the weld became poor. However, effects of welding parameters on the interface bonding strength was different. It was depended on the thickness and morphology of IMCs. When serrated IMCs of 2-6μm thickness were formed, the highest tensile strength without reinforcement was 240.3MPa. Through comprehensive analyzing, when the welding parameters were welding speed of 15mm/s, GTAW current of 80-90A and GMAW/GTAW position of -1mm, the weld reinforcement and interface bonding strength were also high. So the excellent butt joints of TC4/5A06 were achieved. The maximum average value of TC4/5A06 joints tensile strength with reinforcement was 265MPa with fracture inside the weld far from IMCs layer.

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“…In recent years, many efforts have been done to achieve high-quality Al/Ti dissimilar joints by conventional friction stir welding (C-FSW) [7][8][9]. However, C-FSW suffers from an inherent issue which is a lack of root penetration defect at the bottom of the welded joints since the tool pin is short than the plate thickness [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliminating root defect in Al/Ti dissimilar friction stir welded via the double-side process

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2023

Science and Technology of Welding and Joining

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The root defect is easy to occur in the conventional friction stir welded (C-FSW) Ti/Al dissimilar joints because of the thermophysical properties of titanium alloy. Double-side friction stir welding (DS-FSW) may be a solution to eliminate root defects. This work performed microstructure analyses of the Al/Ti interface for both C-FSW and DS-FSW joints and comprehensively investigated the effects of root defects. The results show that the mechanical properties of the Al/Ti C-FSW joints are severely weakened by root defects. Tensile strength of the DS-FSW joints was 310.8 MPa, which is 73 MPa high than the C-FSW joints. The DS-FSW process can effectively remove the root defects which offers a novel approach to achieve high-quality joining of Al/Ti dissimilar structures.

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Enhancement of joint properties and reduction of intermetallics in FSW of highly dissimilar Al/Ti alloys

Cited by 9 publications

References 59 publications

A Review of Optimization and Measurement Techniques of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) Process

A Review of Optimization and Measurement Techniques of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) Process

Properties study on Ti/Al butt joining by GMAW/GTAW hybrid welding-brazing

Eliminating root defect in Al/Ti dissimilar friction stir welded via the double-side process

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