Enhancement of jet fuel range alkanes from co-feeding of lignocellulosic biomass with plastics via tandem catalytic conversions

Abstract

Enhanced carbon yields of jet fuel range alkanes were manufactured from cofeeding of lignocellulosic biomass with plastics. The consecutive processes proceeded via the cofeed catalytic microwave-induced pyrolysis and hydrogenation process. In the co-feed catalytic microwave pyrolysis by using ZSM-5 as the catalyst, parent ZSM-5 fabricated by hydrothermal and calcined treatments contributed to the increase of surface area as well as the formation of more mesopores. Liquid organics with enhanced carbon yield (40.54%) were more principally lumped in the jet fuel range from the co-feed catalytic microwave pyrolysis performed at the catalytic temperature of 375 °C with the plastics to biomass ratio of 0.75. To manufacture homemade Raney Ni catalyst, the BET surface area, pore surface area, and pore volume of the homemade Raney Ni catalyst were considerably improved when the Ni-Al alloy was dissolved by the NaOH solution. In the hydrogenation process, we observed the three species of raw organic derived from the co-feed catalytic microwave pyrolysis were almost completely converted into saturated hydrocarbons under a low-severity condition. The improved carbon yield (38.51%) of hydrogenated organics regarding co-reactants of biomass and plastics predominantly match jet fuels. In the hydrogenated organics, over 90% selectivity toward alkanes with the carbon number in the jet fuel range was attained. In this respect, these hydrogenated organics with high amounts of renewable cycloalkanes can be potentially served as high-density jet fuels or additives for

Green biorefinery of larch wood biomass to obtain the bioactive compounds, functional polymers and nanoporous materials

“…Click here to download Manuscript Green biorefinery of larch wood biomass.docx Click here to view linked References Gliozzi et al 2014;Ishida et al 2014;Liu et al 2015). In recent year, studies are actively conducted on development the integrated technologies of biomass complex processing (Cherubini et al 2009;Ed de Long et al 2013;Zhang et al 2016;.…”

Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of vegetable oil soapstock: Comparative study of rapeseed, sunflower, corn, soybean, rice, and peanut oil soapstock

“…The maximum yield of bio-oil of ROS1, SSOS, COS, SOS, ROS2, and POS were 65.8%, 57.9%, 58.1%, 60.4%, 60.1%, and 55.3% respectively. The bio-char yields of six soapstocks had no obvious change with different catalytic temperature, they all keep in about 21%, this phenomenon may be related to the ex situ catalysis [24] , since the temperature in microwave reactor was a specific 500°C, the change in external catalyst temperature did not affect biochar production. The coke yields of six soapstocks decreased successively with the increase in catalytic temperature.…”

“…Alkanes content of SOS, SSOS, ROS2, COS, cycloalkanes of SOS, SSOS, ROS2, ROS1, COS, and the alkenes, aromatics of all the soapstocks firstly increased and then decreased, reaching the maximum at 300°C. Zhang et al [24] indicated that as the catalytic temperature changes from 249°C to 375°C, the proportion of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of bio-oil in low-density polyethylene increases due to the enhanced hydrogen transfer reaction. When the catalytic temperature exceeded 375°C, the increasing catalytic temperature promoted pyrolysis steam cracking reaction and reducing the aromatic yield.…”

“…Therefore, in this study, we compared the effects of different catalytic temperatures on the pyrolysis of various soapstocks, thereby addressing the limitations of previous investigations and aiding future studies. Zhang et al [24] suggested that a high pyrolysis temperature seriously affected the formation of aromatics. Zhou et al [13] found that the optimum temperature range of MACFP was 500°C-550°C and a catalyst was used to remove oxygen in the pyrolysis reaction [25] .…”

Oil sludge recycling by ash-catalyzed pyrolysis-reforming processes

“…In the commercial plants, the mineral-based catalysts such as Al 2 O 3 and zeolites have attracted more attentions for the waste oils upgrading [25][26][27]. For example, ZSM-5 is considered to be a promising zeolite-based catalyst for pyrolysis vapor upgrading to produce considerable petrochemicals (e.g., aromatics and olefins) [28][29][30][31]. In our previous work, the zeolite catalysts (e.g., natural zeolite, ZSM-5) were used for the fuel oil production from two-stage pyrolysis-catalytic reforming of brominated high impact polystyrene [32,33].…”