Enhancement of infrared emissivity by the hierarchical microstructures from the wing scales of butterfly <i>Rapala dioetas</i>

Lou, Chenhua; An, Shun; Yang, Ronghua; Zhu, Hanrui; Shen, Qingchen; Jiang, Modi; Fu, Benwei; Tao, Peng; Song, Chengyi; Deng, Tao; Shang, Wen

doi:10.1063/5.0039079

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…All thermal effect of the possible variation of scales hierarchy in 3D is here integrally and systematically resolved for the first time. It was demonstrated that increasing the inner surface area of the lumen can enhance emissivity (Lou et al ., 2021). Naturally, all variations of scale hierarchy, surface or lateral, can influence the area of the inner surface and can conceivably influence the emissivity, but it was seldom verified how the surface parameters influence the emissivity or other optic or thermal properties (Weatherspoon et al ., 2008; Matsuoka & Monteiro, 2017, 2018; Krishna & Lee, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universal cooling patterns of the butterfly wing scales hierarchy deduced from the heterogeneous thermal and structural properties of Tirumala limniace (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Danainae)

Tang

Cao

et al. 2022

Insect Science

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The radiative cooling of butterfly wing scales hierarchy has great value in understanding how poikilotherms adapt to the environment and developing bionic materials. However, it remains unclear what the cooling system is like and how the variation of hierarchy affects the cooling efficiency. Therefore, the correlation between the variations of the structure and emissivity of scale hierarchy is thoroughly investigated in Tirumala limniace (Cramer, 1775), whose thermal properties are highly heterogeneous among different wings and regions but similar between males and females. Patterns were deduced from the biological and model simulation experiments. The scale hierarchy varies at the micro-to nanolevel on both surface and section, corresponding to the variating emissivity. Scales on wing veins and margins have large nanostructured units with small lumens and are distinctly thickened, which bring extraordinarily high emissivity. The variations of light and dark scales, respectively, lead to the high emissivity of the middle region of wings and the front wings. Generally, the elevation of the inner surface area and the thickness of the chitin is the key to enhancing the cooling efficiency. For the first time, the effects of the variation of hierarchy toward emissivity of the mid-infrared spectrum are systematically clarified. It is demonstrated that wing scales integrally differentiate in coping with the heterogeneous cooling needs, which may benefit in balancing multifunctions and the development toward the adaptation to the abiotic environment. The study provides insights into the comprehensive thermoregulation system of butterflies and the further development of radiative cooling materials.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universal cooling patterns of the butterfly wing scales hierarchy deduced from the heterogeneous thermal and structural properties of Tirumala limniace (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Danainae)

Tang

Cao

et al. 2022

Insect Science

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“…Other traits not included in our study, such as wing iridescence (Miaoulis & Heilman, 1998), emissivity, reflectance and absorbance (Lou et al, 2021; Schmitz, 1994) or fur (modified scales) thickness (Kingsolver & Moffat, 1982) on the body, may affect heating rates and body temperatures of butterflies. Erebia butterflies are iridescent with metallic reflections in freshly hatched butterflies, which may increase absorbance of solar influx (Bosi et al, 2008) in individuals with lower wing-wear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We argue that the fur may provide better insulation in cold conditions (Kingsolver, 1988), but it may also slow down heating. Low heating effectiveness can be caused also by different wing emissivity, reflectance and absorbance (Lou et al, 2021;Schmitz, 1994). 4.2.…”

Section: Species and Individual Effects On Thermoregulation Under Lab...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Body size, not species identity, drives body heating in alpineErebiabutterflies

Klečková

Okrouhlík

Svozil

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Efficient thermoregulation is crucial for animals living under changing climatic and weather conditions. We used a thermal camera to measure thermoregulation of six co-occurring species of Erebia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) mountain butterflies in a laboratory experiment with artificial light and heating source. We studied wild individuals to test whether physical characteristics (body size, wing loading) are responsible for the interspecific differences in thermoregulation detected previously under natural conditions in European Alps. We revealed that physical characteristics had a small effect on explaining interspecific differences compared to distinct thermoregulatory differences recorded in the field. Our results show that larger butterflies, with higher weight and wing loading, heated up more slowly but reached the same asymptotic body temperature as smaller butterflies. Altogether, our results suggest that differences in body temperatures among Erebia species observed in the field are likely caused mainly by species-specific differences in microhabitat use and confirm the role of active thermoregulation in adult butterflies.

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“…Compared to nonscent patch scale without living cells, Lou et al found that the scent patch scales have the similar upper chitin layer and bottom chitin layer, but an oval cavity structure forms between these two layers (Figure 5e). 47 This cavity is filled with randomly distributed microfibers and micrometer-sized pores. Optical simulation revealed that the microporous structures play the vital role in enhancing MIR emissivity.…”

Section: Triangle-shaped Microstructures For Radiativementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Energy Regulation In Biological Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and Bioinspired Thermal Energy Regulation and Utilization

Shi

Jiang

et al. 2023

Chem. Rev.

Self Cite

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The regulation and utilization of thermal energy is increasingly important in modern society due to the growing demand for heating and cooling in applications ranging from buildings, to cooling high power electronics, and from personal thermal management to the pursuit of renewable thermal energy technologies. Over billions of years of natural selection, biological organisms have evolved unique mechanisms and delicate structures for efficient and intelligent regulation and utilization of thermal energy. These structures also provide inspiration for developing advanced thermal engineering materials and systems with extraordinary performance. In this review, we summarize research progress in biological and bioinspired thermal energy materials and technologies, including thermal regulation through insulation, radiative cooling, evaporative cooling and camouflage, and conversion and utilization of thermal energy from solar thermal radiation and biological bodies for vapor/electricity generation, temperature/infrared sensing, and communication. Emphasis is placed on introducing bioinspired principles, identifying key bioinspired structures, revealing structure–property–function relationships, and discussing promising and implementable bioinspired strategies. We also present perspectives on current challenges and outlook for future research directions. We anticipate that this review will stimulate further in-depth research in biological and bioinspired thermal energy materials and technologies, and help accelerate the growth of this emerging field.

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Enhancement of infrared emissivity by the hierarchical microstructures from the wing scales of butterfly Rapala dioetas

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Universal cooling patterns of the butterfly wing scales hierarchy deduced from the heterogeneous thermal and structural properties of Tirumala limniace (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Danainae)

Universal cooling patterns of the butterfly wing scales hierarchy deduced from the heterogeneous thermal and structural properties of Tirumala limniace (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Danainae)

Body size, not species identity, drives body heating in alpineErebiabutterflies

Biological and Bioinspired Thermal Energy Regulation and Utilization

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