Enhancement of Gas Productivity Using Alcoholic Acids: Laboratory and Field Studies

Al-Anazi, Hamoud; Alotaibi, Mohammed B.; Al-Faifi, Mohammad; Hilab, V.V.

doi:10.2118/102383-ms

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…When the dewpoint pressure is reached, the drop in pressure is sudden in both cases, but is still less in the fractured case. Al-Hashim and Hashmi (2000) found that gas-and liquid-production rates for the fractured case stabilize at a rate that is more than three times that of the nonfractured stabilized rate, with extended duration of the pressure plateau above the dewpoint. One of the main problems that may result in poor performance of hydraulically fractured wells is the accumulation of liquid condensate around the fracture's walls.…”

Section: Hydraulic Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A combination of acidizing treatments and the additions of solvents (alcohols) was described before by Al-Anazi et al (2006). The main objective of adding alcohol is to reduce the interfacial tension between the spent acid and gas, which allows for better removal of the liquid that fills the wormhole, while at the same time enhancing the gas permeability following the acidstimulation treatment.…”

Section: Combination Of Different Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For sandstone reservoirs, the main target of acidizing and acid treatments is to remove the formation damage caused by drilling, workover, or completion processes, and thus to restore the original permeability of the formation (Smith and Hendrickson 1965;Gidley 1985). Al-Anazi et al (2006) examined the applications of alcoholic acids to stimulate both carbonate and sandstone gas reservoirs. Some of the wells required a period of up to 1 year to restore the initial gas productivity following liquid injection into the formation.…”

Section: Acidizingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigation of the Effects of Condensate Banking: A Critical Review

Sayed

Al-Muntasheri

2016

SPE Production &Amp; Operations

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With production from gas/condensate reservoirs, the flowing bottomhole pressure of the production well decreases. When the flowing bottomhole pressure decreases below the dewpoint, condensate accumulates near the wellbore region and forms a condensate bank. This results in a loss of productivity of both gas and condensate, which becomes more serious in intermediate-and low-permeability gas/condensate reservoirs, where the condensate bank reduces both the gas permeability and the well productivity.Several techniques have been used to mitigate this problem. These methods include:• Use of solvents and wettability-alteration chemicals to reduce the impact of condensate blockage • Gas cycling and injection of nitrogen and supercritical carbon dioxide as pressure-maintenance methods • Drilling horizontal wells, hydraulic fracturing, and acidizing to improve the well productivity Gas cycling aims to keep the reservoir pressure greater than the dewpoint pressure to reduce the condensation phenomena. The limited volumes of gas that can be recycled in the reservoir can hinder the application of this method. For an ideal gas-cycling process, the volume of the gas injected into the reservoir will be larger than the total gas that can be produced from such a reservoir. Other approaches are the drilling of horizontal wells and hydraulic fracturing, during which the pressure drop around the wellbore region is lowered to allow for a longer production time, with only single-phase gas flow to the wellbore. These approaches are costly because they require drilling rigs. Another technique is the use of solvents, which shows good treatment outcomes, but the durability is a questionable issue in these treatments. Moreover, wettability alteration needs to be approached very carefully so as not to cause permanent damage to the reservoir. The use of fluorinated polymers and surfactants dissolved in alcohol-based solvents for wettability-alteration treatments was reported in many studies.Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and can be applied under certain conditions. This paper presents all of these methods, along with their advantages and disadvantages and description of some of their field applications and case studies.

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Section: Hydraulic Fracturingmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Combination Of Different Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acidizingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitigation of the Effects of Condensate Banking: A Critical Review

Sayed

Al-Muntasheri

2016

SPE Production &Amp; Operations

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“…Methanol is the most common solvent used in field applications. Methanol displacement of liquid accumulations is attributed to the multi-contact-miscible technique [9]. Considerable enhancement in the relative permeability to gas are reported by using methanol injection for both sandstone and carbonate reservoirs [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigation of Condensate Banking Using Thermochemical Treatment: Experimental and Analytical Study

et al. 2019

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Condensate banking is a common problem in tight gas reservoirs because it diminishes the gas relative permeability and reduces the gas production rate significantly. CO2 injection is a common and very effective solution to mitigate the condensate damage around the borehole in tight gas reservoirs. The problem with CO2 injection is that it is a temporary solution and has to be repeated frequently in the field in addition to the supply limitations of CO2 in some areas. In addition, the infrastructure required at the surface to handle CO2 injection makes it expensive to apply CO2 injection for condensate removal. In this paper, a new permanent technique is introduced to remove the condensate by using a thermochemical technique. Two chemicals will be used to generate in situ CO2, nitrogen, steam, heat, and pressure. The reaction of the two chemicals downhole can be triggered either by the reservoir temperature or a chemical activator. Two chemicals will start reacting and produce all the mentioned reaction products after 24 h of mixing and injection. In addition, the reaction can be triggered by a chemical activator and this will shorten the time of reaction. Coreflooding experiments were carried out using actual condensate samples from one of the gas fields. Tight sandstone cores of 0.9 mD permeability were used. The results of this study showed that the thermochemical reaction products removed the condensate and reduced its viscosity due to the high temperature and the generated gases. The novelty in this paper is the creation of micro-fractures in the tight rock sample due to the in-situ generation of heat and pressure. These micro-fractures reduced the capillary forces that hold the condensate and enhanced the rock relative permeability. The creation of micro-fractures and in turn the reduction of the capillary forces can be considered as permanent condensate removal.

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Wettability alteration using functionalized nanoparticles with tailored adhesion to the rock surface for condensate banking mitigation

Sayed

Saini

et al. 2021

Can J Chem Eng

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Accumulation of liquids near the wellbore in gas reservoirs can result in what is known as liquid banking, causing loss of gas and liquid production. One of the techniques that can be used to mitigate liquid banking is changing the rock wettability from liquid wetting to neutral wetting, allowing the gas to carry the liquid out of the pore space. Double‐functionalized wettability altering silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were developed. The synthesized NPs were functionalized with both fluoro‐silane (F‐SiO2 NPs) and a charged functional group to enable coupling of the NPs to the substrate. Surfaces treated with F‐SiO2 NPs functionalized with coupling functional group showed superior wear and corrosion resistance in high salinity water compared to single‐functionalized F‐SiO2 NPs. By functionalizing 125 nm SiO2 NPs first with polyethylenimine (PEI‐) or N‐(2‐Aminoethyl)‐3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (DAMO‐) l group followed by fluorination, a water contact angle of 120°and decane contact angle of 70° was achieved. Core flow testing performed under realistic reservoir conditions of pressure and temperature showed that F‐SiO2 NPs coated with PEI achieved a 58% improvement in gas and liquid relative permeability, indicating improvement in the surface repellency to liquids and reduction of the trapped liquid phases inside the pore space of the rocks. The developed double‐functionalized NPs achieved similar performance to the commercially used fluorinated surfactants but using less treatment volume. In addition, these double‐functionalized NPs enable one‐step treatment in the field, which results in simpler operations, shorter treatment time, and better treatment economics.

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Enhancement of Gas Productivity Using Alcoholic Acids: Laboratory and Field Studies

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Mitigation of the Effects of Condensate Banking: A Critical Review

Mitigation of the Effects of Condensate Banking: A Critical Review

Mitigation of Condensate Banking Using Thermochemical Treatment: Experimental and Analytical Study

Wettability alteration using functionalized nanoparticles with tailored adhesion to the rock surface for condensate banking mitigation

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