Enhancement of fracture toughness in secondary bonded CFRP using hybrid thermoplastic/thermoset bondline architecture

A systematic review on high‐performance fiber‐reinforced 3D printed thermoset composites

“…Comparison of mechanical behavior against density variation of AM thermoset composites and metals (based on References [17]) type: the extrusion process usually sort of provides a preferred orientation to short fibers aided by the extrusion direction, which increases their mechanical performance [41] ; (iii) matrix system associated with reinforcement interaction, processing control, and toughness behavior [24] ; and (iv) the response of processing factors that could generate impregnation defects, such as voids, affect the final properties. [14] Considering the wide combination of factors that generates a variation on the quality and properties of FRP thermoset composite processed by AM, the systematic review carried out here allows a scientific contribution for a complete analysis of the literature along with highly reliable results analysis.…”

“…[19][20][21][22][23] An important advantage of thermoset is that the adhesion increases between the printed filaments since the shear stress becomes a limiting factor due to the lower load capacity of thermoplastics, which have mainly secondary bonding between filaments. [24] Considering different literature studies, some questions are still unanswered, such as the optimal AM processes used, the mechanical/thermal behavior regarding the process applied, and the main challenges in AM of thermoset fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP). Aiming at fulfilling these gaps and answer previous questions, this work proposes a systematic review focusing on fiber-reinforced thermoset composites processed by AM.…”

Assessing the tensile properties of interlayer hybrid thermoset-thermoplastic composites

“…35,36 Attempts were made by researchers to benefit from both thermoset and thermoplastic matrices in a composite part. [37][38][39][40] In this respect, a review study was conveyed by Nash et al 40 regarding the effect of incorporating a thermoplastic phase in fiber reinforced thermoset composite to improves its damage threshold. However there are few studies assessing the performance of interlayer hybrid thermoset-thermoplastic composites.…”

Improving the crack propagation response of layered and bonded structures through dissipation mechanisms at different length scales

“…Since the early days of composites materials and their use for structural applications, the matrix-rich zones between composite plies have been modified in different ways, by adding fine thermoplastic layers (interlayers) [1] or dispersed particles [2], or by introducing through-thickness reinforcement such as Z-pins [3]. Similar techniques can be found for bonded assemblies, where hybrid joints have been manufactured including different types of particles, fibres, wires or nets [4,5,6]. Other strategies for bonded joints do not involve the addition of external material, but the use of heterogeneous surface preparation to trigger bridging ligaments [7], or the creation of stop holes [5] or sacrificial cracks [8].…”