Enhancement of existing MSF plant productivity through design modification and change of operating conditions

Helal, A.M.; Al-Jafri, A.; Al-Yafeai, A.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2012.08.027

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…It is also shown that 59% of desalination technologies based on seawater desalination followed by brackish water 23%, river water 7%, waste water 5% and other sources 6% [72,73]. Recently, hybridization trends of desalination technologies such as MED-AD [74][75][76][77][78][79] , MSF-MED [80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93] and RO-MSF [94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106] is evolving to improve processes performance by overcoming conventional methods limitations. Thermally driven processes hybridization improve thermodynamic synergy and thermal system with membrane technologies improve fresh water recovery.…”

Section: World Desalination: Current Status Energy Utilization and Envmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-water-environment nexus underpinning future desalination sustainability

et al. 2017

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Energy-water-environment nexus is very important to attain COP21 goal, maintaining environment temperature increase below 2 o C, but unfortunately two third share of CO2 emission has already been used and the remaining will be exhausted by 2050. A number of technological developments in power and desalination sectors improved their efficiencies to save energy and carbon emission but still they are operating at 35% and 10% of their thermodynamic limits. Research in desalination processes contributing to fuel World population for their improved living standard and to reduce specific energy consumption and to protect environment. Recently developed highly efficient nature-inspired membranes (aquaporin & graphene) and trend in thermally driven cycle's hybridization could potentially lower then energy requirement for water purification. This paper presents a state of art review on energy, water and environment interconnection and future energy efficient desalination possibilities to save energy and protect environment.

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Section: World Desalination: Current Status Energy Utilization and Envmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy-water-environment nexus underpinning future desalination sustainability

et al. 2017

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“…Desalination of the vast seawater reserves is one of the potential solutions to tackle this challenge. Commercially this is accomplished either through traditional thermal 2 techniques such as multi-stage flash and multi-effect distillation [2][3][4], or through reverse osmosis (RO) where static pressure is used to force water through a semi-permeable membrane against the osmotic gradient [5]. Currently the RO process is the gold standard of seawater desalination, though intensive pre-treatment is often needed to limit fouling [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid thermal treatment of interlayer-free ethyl silicate 40 derived membranes for desalination

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Motuzas³

et al. 2016

Journal of Membrane Science

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This work demonstrates for the first time the preparation of interlayer-free silica membranes by the Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) method at 630 ˚C using ES40 as a silica precursor. RTP resulted in water being retained inside the xerogel pores at higher temperatures, thus favouring condensation reactions and the formation of siloxane bridges. As a result, RTP ES40 xerogels were stronger than their conventional thermal processing (CTP) counterparts and also had higher pore volumes and surface areas. Nevertheless, RTP ES40 xerogels were characterised by a tri-modal pore size distribution. The majority of pores were in the microporous domain with a minor fraction of mesopores. Successful preparation of membranes without a conventional interlayer was dependent on the pH of the sol-gel, as sols with a pH 4 or 6 were able to penetrate into the -alumina substrate allowing strong adhesion to the support and formed a defect free top layer. The best interlayer-free RTP silica membrane was prepared with a pH 4 sol reaching high water fluxes of 17.8 kg m-2 h-1 at 60 ºC and high salt rejection (>99%) for desalination of 3.5 wt% NaCl synthetic seawater. The dilution of the sol with ethanol also played an important role in membrane stability. Membranes prepared from a sol of pH 4 with EtOH:Si ratio 255:4 were stable for 120 h, but a reduction in this ratio to 200:4 increased the stability to 300 h. This improvement was attributed to thicker films derived from more viscous sols.

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“…Many hybrid processes are also introduced such as MEDAD [15][16][17][18][19], MSF-MED [20][21][22] and RO-MSF [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] to overcome individual processes operational limitations. Thermodynamic synergy of thermally driven processes improved their performance in hybrid configuration while membrane process integration improved overall recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%