Enhancement of Electrochemical Stability Window and Electrical Properties of CNT-Based PVA–PEG Polymer Blend Composites

Abstract

New polymer blend composite electrolytes (PBCEs) were prepared by the solution casting technique using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-polyethylene glycol (PEG), sodium nitrate (NaNO3) as a doping salt and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as fillers. The X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the structural properties of the polymer blend composite films. FTIR investigations were carried out to understand the chemical properties and their band assignments. The ionic conductivity of the 10 wt % MWCNTs incorporated PVA-PEG polymer blend was measured as 4.32 × 10–6 S cm–1 at 20 °C and increased to 2.253 × 10–4 S/cm at 100 °C. The dependence of its conductivity on temperature suggests Arrhenius behavior. The equivalent circuit models that represent the R s(Q1(R1(Q2(R2(CR3))))) were used to interpret EIS data. The dielectric behavior of the samples was investigated by utilizing their AC conductance spectra, dielectric permittivity, dielectric constant (εi and εr), electric modulus (Mi and Mr), and loss tangent tan δ. The dielectric permittivity of the samples increases due to electrode polarization effects in low frequency region. The loss tangent’s maxima shift with increasing temperature; hence, the peak height rises in the high frequency region. MWCNTs-based polymer blend composite electrolytes show an enhanced electrochemical stability window (4.0 V), better transference number (0.968), and improved ionic conductivity for use in energy storage device applications.

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“…The long tail appearance of the electrical modulus spectra in the low-frequency region demonstrates that electrode polarization events contribute insignificantly to the electrical modulus of real ( M ′) and imaginary ( M ″) portions . Furthermore, at higher frequencies, M ′ displays a maximum value, and it could be due to the conductivity relaxation process.…”

“…The long tail appearance of the electrical modulus spectra in the low-frequency region demonstrates that electrode polarization events contribute insignificantly to the electrical modulus of real ( M ′) and imaginary ( M ″) portions. 43 Furthermore, at higher frequencies, M ′ displays a maximum value, and it could be due to the conductivity relaxation process. SBBE insights about the impedance values, charge transport, fast jumping, and ionic mobility are consistent with many other polymer electrolytes that have previously been addressed.…”