Enhancement of dynamic reservoir interpretation by correlating multiple 4D seismic monitors to well behavior

Abstract

We have found that dynamic reservoir interpretation can be enhanced by directly correlating the seismic amplitudes from many repeated 4D seismic monitors to the field production and injection history from wells. This "well2seis" crosscorrelation was achieved by defining a linear relationship between the 4D seismic signals and changes in the cumulative fluid volumes at the wells. We also found that the distribution of the well2seis correlation attribute can reveal key reservoir connectivity features, such as the seal of faults, fluid pathways, and communication between neighboring compartments. It can therefore enhance dynamic reservoir description. Based on this enhanced interpretation, we have developed a workflow to close the loop between 4D seismic and reservoir engineering data. First, the reservoir model was directly updated using quantitative information extracted from multiple surveys, by positioning and placing known barriers or conduits to flow. After this process, a seismic-assisted history matching was applied using the well2seis attribute to honor data from the seismic and engineering domains, while remaining consistent with the fault interpretation. Compared to traditional history matching, that attempts to match individual seismic time-lapse amplitudes and production data, our approach used an attribute that condensed available data to effectively enhance the signal. In addition, the approach was observed to improve the history-matching efficiency as well as model predictability. The proposed methodology was applied to a North Sea-field, the production of which was controlled by fault compartmentalization. It successfully detected the communication pathways and sealing property of key faults that are known to be major factors in influencing reservoir development. After history matching, the desired loops were closed by efficiently updating the reservoir simulation model, and this was indicated by a 90% reduction in the misfit errors and 89% lowering of the corresponding uncertainty bounds.

Prediction of immiscible gas flooding performance: a modified capacitance–resistance model and sensitivity analysis

“…This parameter can be determined using CRM or other direct and indirect methods. Direct methods such as 4D seismic (Huang and Ling 2006;Huseby et al 2008;Yin et al 2015Yin et al , 2016, pulse testing (Dinges and Ogbe 1988;Fokker et al 2012), interference (Al-Khamis et al 2005;Ogbe and Brigham 1989;Stewart and Gupta 1984) well tests and tracer tests (Du and Guan 2005;Dugstad et al 1999;Huseby et al 2008;Lichtenberger 1991;Refunjol and Lake 1999) are operationally implemented in the field. Although indirect methods are data-driven models and are based on input-output signals which are developed mathematically or statistically, they include artificial neural networks (ANN) (Demiryurek et al 2008;Panda and Chopra 1998;Artun 2017), wavelet analysis (Jansen and Kelkar 1997), Spearman rank correlation (Heffer et al 1997;Fedenczuk and Hoffmann 1998;Refunjol and Lake 1999), extended Kalman filter (Liu et al 2009), pressure-based method (Dinh and Tiab 2008), multiwell productivity method (Valko et al 2000;Kaviani and Valkó 2010), network model (Gherabati et al 2017a, b), and streamline simulation (SS) (Batycky et al 1997(Batycky et al , 2005Thiele et al 2010;Thiele and Batycky 2006;Baker 2001).…”

Cable-free Seismic Acquisition System

“…최근 다중방위 (Mahmoudian et al, 2015;Swanston et al, 2011), 다성분 (Grechka et al, 2005;Sanchis and Elboth, 2014), 3D 탐사 (Gharibi et al, 2012;Jeong and Suh, 2006;Naghizadeh, 2015), 탄성파 모니 터링 (Kim et al, 2011;Stammeijer and Hatchell, 2014;Yin et al, 2015) 등 다양한 자료취득 기술요구와 산악지형, 삼각주 지역, 육상과 해상 경계지대 등 다양한 지형조건에서 적용할 수 있는 탄성파 탐사기술 수요가 증가하고 있다 (Lansley, 2013). 수진기와 수진기가 케이블로 연결되지 않는 독립된 수 진기를 사용하는 무선(Cable-free) 탄성파 탐사기술은 다양한 탐사기술과 다양한 지형조건에서 탐사측선 설계가 가능하고 또한 수진기 설치와 수거가 편리한 장점이 있다 (Freed, 2008).…”

Investigation on the pressure response behavior of two-layer vertical mixed boundary reservoir: field cases in Western Sichuan XC gas field, China

“…Apart from using transient well testing pressure data, geophysical 4D seismic data is nowadays an important way to investigate boundaries [12]. Yin et al [13] comprehensively reviewed the role of 4D time-lapse seismic technology as a reservoir monitoring and surveillance tool, and details discussed the application of 4D seismic technology in extending the life of hydrocarbon fields and improving hydrocarbon recovery, with specific consideration to the progresses made over the last decades. Suleen et al [14,15] applied the pressure transient analysis and 4D seismic to integrated waterflood surveillance.…”