Enhancement of complement-dependent cytotoxicity by polyvalent melanoma cell vaccine (CancerVax): Correlation with survival

Hsueh, Eddy C.; Famatiga, Estela; Gupta, Rishab K.; Qi, Karen; Morton, Donald L.

doi:10.1007/bf02303828

Cited by 31 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…This vaccine has been shown to enhance the immune response to melanoma, and this response correlates with outcome [129,[133][134][135][136][137]. In a phase II trial, 935 patients with AJCC stage III melanoma who underwent complete lymphadenectomy were treated with the vaccine.…”

Section: On the Horizon -Vaccine Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current state of treatment for primary cutaneous melanoma

Sabel

Sondak

2004

Clin Exp Med

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The incidence of malignant melanoma has been rising steadily for the last 30 years. Through physician and patient education, surveillance of high-risk individuals, and biopsy of any suspicious lesions, more lesions are being diagnosed earlier, where there is a high cure rate. Unfortunately many patients will still present with thicker lesions or nodal involvement, which carries a significantly worse prognosis. Over the past decade, there have been several changes in the management of primary cutaneous melanoma. These have stemmed from novel surgical approaches, a new understanding of melanoma biology, and randomized clinical trials designed to improve outcome and decrease the morbidity of therapy. This article will review the clinical evidence behind the current treatment recommendations for primary cutaneous melanoma as well as some of the emerging data on innovative immunologic-approaches to melanoma treatment.

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Section: On the Horizon -Vaccine Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current state of treatment for primary cutaneous melanoma

Sabel

Sondak

2004

Clin Exp Med

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“…Early phase clinical trial results have shown that this vaccine induces both strong cellular DTH and high anti-TA90 IgM and anti GD2, GD3, GM2 and GM3 ganglioside IgM titers in patients with resected melanoma that are associated with improved survival [8]. Serum complement dependent cytotoxicity for melanoma cell lines in vitro also increased over baseline levels when patients were administered this polyvalent vaccine [9]. Having demonstrated encouraging response rates and low toxicity in Phase I and II trials, Canvaxin™ is presently being tested as a postsurgical adjuvant therapy in Phase 3 trials for AJCC stage III and IV melanoma [10], [11].…”

Section: Tumor Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tumor antigens for cancer immunotherapy: therapeutic potential of xenogeneic DNA vaccines

Srinivasan¹,

Wolchok

2004

J Transl Med

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Preclinical animal studies have convincingly demonstrated that tumor immunity to self antigens can be actively induced and can translate into an effective anti-tumor response. Several of these observations are being tested in clinical trials. Immunization with xenogeneic DNA is an attractive approach to treat cancer since it generates T cell and antibody responses. When working in concert, these mechanisms may improve the efficacy of vaccines. The use of xenogeneic DNA in overcoming immune tolerance has been promising not only in inbred mice with transplanted tumors but also in outbred canines, which present with spontaneous tumors, as in the case of human. Use of this strategy also overcomes limitations seen in other types of cancer vaccines. Immunization against defined tumor antigens using a xenogeneic DNA vaccine is currently being tested in early phase clinical trials for the treatment of melanoma and prostate cancers, with proposed trials for breast cancer and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma.

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“…Phase III clinical trial with IL-2 in metastatic melanomas [11,12] Thymocartin (terapeptide) Richter Gedeon Hodgkins lymphoma Phase III in Hodgkins lymphoma [14] Ukrain ® ( [17,18] Melacine ® melanoma cell lysates combined with the Detox™ adjuvant Corixa Melanoma Launched for melanoma in Canada Phase III trial in melanoma [19] Melanoma vaccine NYU preparation of antigens shed from melanoma cells admixed with alum New York University Melanoma Phase III clinical trials in melanoma [20] [24] DC: Dendritic cell; GM-CSF: Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; HSPPC: Heat shock protein-peptide complex.…”

Section: Scientific Rationale For Cancer Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar survival benefit has been demonstrated in a trial where treatment with CancerVax has been given after surgical removal of detectable melanoma. Further analysis has shown that the responding patients demonstrate a cellular (delayed-type hypersensitivity [DTH]) response to some of the antigens, suggesting a correlation between immune response and clinical outcome [17][18][19]. This has led to several other studies and the setting up of a Phase III trial (the Malignant Melanoma Active Immunotherapy trial [MMAIT]) in 2002.…”

Section: Canvaxin™ (Cancer Vaccine Polyvalent Melanoma Cancer Vaccine)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer vaccines entering Phase III clinical trials

Durrant¹,

Spendlove²

2003

Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs

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The last 10 years have seen a growth in the number of tumour antigens identified from immune responses raised in patients. The discovery that tumours can be recognised by the immune system stimulated a great deal of work characterising the molecular mechanisms underlying immune recognition. This in turn has led to an impressive array of immunological approaches to the generation of cancer vaccines; these range from molecularly defined T cell epitopes, antibody-based vaccines, cytokine therapies, immune modulators and DNA vaccines, to whole cell vaccines and, more recently, combinations of these methods. Many of these approaches have entered Phase I/II trials and have shown interesting clinical results. Moreover, they have extended our knowledge of the immune system and our understanding of the mechanisms required to design a successful cancer vaccine. This review outlines some of the approaches that have led to some of these vaccines entering Phase III clinical trials, discusses their modes of action and reports on their current status in trial.

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Enhancement of complement-dependent cytotoxicity by polyvalent melanoma cell vaccine (CancerVax): Correlation with survival

Abstract: PMCV therapy greatly enhances serum CDC against melanoma cells. This enhancement is directly correlated with DFS following initiation of vaccine therapy.

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Current state of treatment for primary cutaneous melanoma

Current state of treatment for primary cutaneous melanoma

Tumor antigens for cancer immunotherapy: therapeutic potential of xenogeneic DNA vaccines

Cancer vaccines entering Phase III clinical trials

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