Enhancement of cavity cooling of a micromechanical mirror using parametric interactions

Huang, Sumei; Agarwal, G. S.

doi:10.1103/physreva.79.013821

Cited by 152 publications

(133 citation statements)

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“…Therefore it enables pondermotive squeezing of the field [11], photon blockade [12], generation of nonclassical states of the mechanical and optical mode [13], optical bistability [14] and phonon-photon entanglement in the bistable regime [15]. Besides this intrinsic nonlinearity, the presence of an optical parametric amplifier (OPA) [16,17] or the optical Kerr medium [18] inside the cavity * sareh.shahidani@gmail.com has opened up a new domain for combining nonlinear optics and optomechanics towards the enhancement of quantum effects. It has been predicted [16] that the presence of an OPA in a single-mode Fabry-Perot cavity causes a strong coupling between the oscillating mirror and the cavity mode resulting from increasing the intracavity photon number.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-state entanglement, cooling, and tristability in a nonlinear optomechanical cavity

et al. 2014

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The interaction of a single-mode field with both a weak Kerr medium and a parametric nonlinearity in an intrinsically nonlinear optomechanical system is studied. The nonlinearities due to the optomechanical coupling and Kerr-down conversion lead to the bistability and tristability in the mean intracavity photon number. Also, our work demonstrates that the lower bound of the resolved sideband regime and the minimum attainable phonon number can be less than that of a bare cavity by controlling the parametric nonlinearity and the phase of the driving field. Moreover, we find that in the system under consideration the degree of entanglement between the mechanical and optical modes is dependent on the two stability parameters of the system. For both cooling and entanglement, while parametric nonlinearity increases the optomechanical coupling , the weak Kerr nonlinearity is very useful for extending the domain of the stability region to the desired range in which the minimum effective temperature and maximal entanglement are attainable. Also, as shown in this paper, the present scheme allows to have significant entanglement in the tristable regime for the lower and middle branches which makes the current scheme distinct from the bare optomechanical system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-state entanglement, cooling, and tristability in a nonlinear optomechanical cavity

et al. 2014

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“…Proposals to cool below this limit include pulsed cooling schemes [13,14], dissipative coupling [15], optomechanically-induced transparency [16], and nonlinear interactions [17,18]. For atomic laser cooling, it has been proposed [19][20][21] (in units of phonons) established by squeezed light for various cavity linewidths, κ, and drive detunings, ∆, normalized to the mechanical resonance frequency, Ω.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sideband cooling beyond the quantum backaction limit with squeezed light

Clark

Lecocq

Simmonds

et al. 2017

Nature

255

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Quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic vacuum produce measurable physical effects such as Casimir forces and the Lamb shift [1]. Similarly, these fluctuations also impose an observable quantum limit to the lowest temperatures that can be reached with conventional laser cooling techniques [2,3]. As laser cooling experiments continue to bring massive mechanical systems to unprecedented temperatures [4,5], this quantum limit takes on increasingly greater practical importance in the laboratory [6]. Fortunately, vacuum fluctuations are not immutable, and can be "squeezed" through the generation of entangled photon pairs. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate that squeezed light can be used to sideband cool the motion of a macroscopic mechanical object below the quantum limit. To do so, we first cool a microwave cavity optomechanical system with a coherent state of light to within 15% of this limit. We then cool by more than 2 dB below the quantum limit using a squeezed microwave field generated by a Josephson Parametric Amplifier (JPA). From heterodyne spectroscopy of the mechanical sidebands, we measure a minimum thermal occupancy of 0.19 ± 0.01 phonons. With this novel technique, even low frequency mechanical oscillators can in principle be cooled arbitrarily close to the motional ground state, enabling the exploration of quantum physics in larger, more massive systems.Rapid progress in the control and measurement of massive mechanical oscillators has enabled tests of fundamental physics, as well as applications in sensing and quantum information processing [7]. The noise performance of these experiments, however, is often limited by thermal motion of the mechanical mode. Although the most sophisticated refrigeration technologies can be sufficient for cooling high frequency mechanical structures to the ground state [8,9], observing quantum behavior in lower frequency mechanical systems requires other cooling methods. Recent efforts using active quantum feedback have been remarkably successful in preparing motional states with low entropies [10]. Thus far, however, only laser cooling techniques similar to those that revolutionized the coherent control of atomic systems [11,12] have yielded thermal occupancies below one quantum [4][5][6]. Nevertheless, vacuum fluctuations impose a lowest possible temperature that can be achieved using these techniques [2,3]. This limit is now being encountered in state of the art experiments involving macroscopic oscillators [6].The concept of sideband cooling relies on the removal of mechanical energy by scattering incident drive photons to higher frequencies. In general, however, this photon up-conversion (anti-Stokes) process competes with a downconversion (Stokes) process that adds energy to the mechanical system. In cavity optomechanics [7], a light-matter interaction arises due to a parametric modulation of an optical cavity's resonance frequency with a mechanical oscillator's position. When the cavity is driven at detuning ∆ below its resonance frequency, the dif...

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“…Here the χ (2) nonlinearity is used to induce a squeezed cavity mode. It could also be used to enhance optomechanical cooling [51], induce genuine tripartite entanglement [52], or impact the classical dynamics of OMSs [53].…”

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confidence: 99%

Squeezed Optomechanics with Phase-Matched Amplification and Dissipation

et al. 2015

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We investigate the nonlinear interaction between a squeezed cavity mode and a mechanical mode in an optomechanical system (OMS) that allows us to selectively obtain either a radiation-pressure coupling or a parametric-amplification process. The squeezing of the cavity mode can enhance the interaction strength into the single-photon strong-coupling regime, even when the OMS is originally in the weak-coupling regime. Moreover, the noise of the squeezed mode can be suppressed completely by introducing a broadband-squeezed vacuum environment that is phase-matched with the parametric amplification that squeezes the cavity mode. This proposal offers an alternative approach to control OMS using a squeezed cavity mode, which should allow single-photon quantum processes to be implemented with currently available optomechanical technology. Potential applications range from engineering single-photon sources to nonclassical phonon states. Cavity optomechanics has progressed enormously in recent years [1], with achievements including cooling of mechanical modes to their quantum ground states [2,3], demonstration of optomechanically-induced transparency [4,5], coherent state transfer between cavity and mechanical modes [6][7][8][9], and the realization of squeezed light [10][11][12]. In these experiments, a strong linearized optomechanical coupling is obtained under the condition of strong optical driving. However, the intrinsic nonlinearity of the radiation-pressure coupling in these OMSs is negligible [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].To explore the intrinsic nonlinearity of the optomechanical interaction, much theoretical research has recently focused on the single-photon strong-coupling regime, where the single-photon optomechanicalcoupling strength g 0 exceeds the cavity decay rate κ. In this regime, several interesting single-photon quantum processes are predicted, for both the optical and the mechanical modes. For example: photon blockade, the preparation of the nonclassical states of the optical and mechanical modes, multi-phonon sidebands, and quantum state reconstruction of the mechanical oscillator [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. However, these effects have not yet been realized experimentally due to the intrinsically weak radiation-pressure coupling in current OMSs, i.e., g 0 κ. To achieve g 0 ∼ κ, it has been proposed to use the collective mechanical modes in transmissive scatter arrays [35,36]. The ratio g 0 /κ may also be increased in superconducting circuits using the Josephson effect, but such devices are limited to electromechanical systems [37][38][39]. Moreover, postselected weak measurements [40] and optical coalescence [41] could also be used to increase the effective linear and quadratic optomechanical interactions, respectively.Here we present a method to reach the single-photon strong-coupling regime in an OMS, which is originally in the weak-coupling regime. In contrast to normal optomechanics, we focus on the nonlinear interaction between a parametric-amplification-squeezed ...

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Enhancement of cavity cooling of a micromechanical mirror using parametric interactions

Cited by 152 publications

References 38 publications

Steady-state entanglement, cooling, and tristability in a nonlinear optomechanical cavity

Steady-state entanglement, cooling, and tristability in a nonlinear optomechanical cavity

Sideband cooling beyond the quantum backaction limit with squeezed light

Squeezed Optomechanics with Phase-Matched Amplification and Dissipation

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