Enhancement in furanocoumarin content and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity in developing seedlings of Psoralea corylifolia L. in response to gamma irradiation of seeds

Abstract

Gamma irradiation of seeds is known to be an important factor in stimulating biochemical and physiological processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate phenylpropanoids and associated enzymes responsible for the production of active metabolites. Furanocoumarin content was estimated in seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L. during two successive generations (G(1) and G(2)) where as phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity was measured in leaves at different developmental stages of P. corylifolia L. raised from seeds irradiated with variable doses of gamma rays. Maximum accumulation of psoralen and isopsoralen was observed at 15 and 20 kGy doses during G(1) and G(2) generations, respectively. Psoralen proved to be the dominating metabolite in terms of its concentration, while isopsoralen was accumulated at relatively lower concentrations in successive generations. PAL activity was induced maximally following 15 and 20 kGy in G(1) plants and was preceded by psoralen and isopsoralen accumulation which peaked at the same dose rates in both generations. These effects were transmitted and prevalent in the next generation, that is, G(2) (indirectly irradiated). These long-term changes in plant metabolomics demonstrate genomic instability induced by gamma irradiation. However, no detrimental effects were seen at any irradiation dose in seeds. Furanocoumarin concentrations were also enhanced at 15 and 20 kGy. The present study further points out the persistence of changes in the biosynthesis of coumarin derivatives in the next generation. However, accumulation of these metabolites does not lead to any lethal effects.

Effect of auxin type on the total phenols synthesis and some enzymatic proteins activity in maize callus from seeds irradiated to gamma radiation

“…[7] also applied 2,4-D to determine the accumulation of anthocyanins in the cell culture of strawberries. 2,4-D appears to cause stress in plants and to increase the phenolic compounds synthesis [31,12] also reported that the medium supplemented with 2,4-D for the carrot callus initiation showed an increase in abscissic acid which resulted in a higher synthesis of anthocyanins. Recently, [34] reported that salicylic acid such as 2,4-D significantly increased the content of phenolic compounds in the calluses of Garcinia brasiliensis.…”

Response of wheat varieties to salinity: growth, yield and ion analysis

“…Reaction between radicals of ROS and different macromolecules e.g. lipoprotein, this process cause more rapid peroxidative damage which is evident from destruction of lipid membrane (108). Increased rate of electrolyte leakage has been used as an indicator of physical damage to cell membranes.…”

Ionizing Radiation, Higher Plants, and Radioprotection: From Acute High Doses to Chronic Low Doses

“…The effects are generally short-term and the role of, for example, heating or commensal micro-organisms in producing the effects is unknown. Acute high dose rates have also been shown to affect a variety of seed constituents (e.g., Jan et al, 2012 ; Tilaki et al, 2015 ; Vaizogullar and Kara, 2016 ), which might affect subsequent germination and growth. In the field, soon after the Chernobyl NPP accident, dose rates around 2 mGy/h produced lethal embryo mutations in A. thaliana ( Abramov et al, 1992 ) and extensive studies of P. sylvestris near the Chernobyl NPP have shown that plants that received total doses of >2 Gy in areas of high short-term contamination had decreased reproductive ability and that this effect lasted for more than a decade ( Fedotov et al, 2006 ).…”