Enhancement in biodiesel production using waste cooking oil and calcium diglyceroxide as a heterogeneous catalyst in presence of ultrasound

Gupta, Anilkumar R.; Yadav, Suraj V.; Rathod, Virendra K.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.05.064

Cited by 147 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It depends on the formation of unreacted triglyceride in the final product. Biodiesel prepared by ultrasound synthesis showed less unreacted triglyceride in it and in turn reflected a lower flash point compared to biodiesel produced by conventional method …”

Section: Utilization Of Liquid Waste To Produce Value Added Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Food and Agricultural Waste: A Step towards Greener Future

Rao¹,

Rathod²

2018

The Chemical Record

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With the progress in technology and population, an enormous amount of agricultural and food waste is being generated throughout the world. In the past, food and agro‐wastes were either burnt off or allowed to rot in fields, but this can be potentially hazardous to the environment. Therefore, approaches with respect to their utilization, reuse, and processing need to be developed to enable the sustainable utilization of feedstock and reduce pollution. Agricultural wastes mainly comprise of cellulosic fibres possessing high fixed carbon content and multifunctional groups. Agricultural waste shows considerable applicability due to its high strength, environmentally benign nature, low cost, and ease of availability and reusability. All these characteristics have been researched upon in the past, in the sector of waste water management for the removal of heavy metals and dyes. Similarly, a variety of food and agro‐waste has been adopted as sources for new drug leads or important phytochemicals with different therapeutic benefits. Agro‐waste can also be employed for enzyme immobilization after proper modification. Apart from this waste cooking oil comes under the category of food waste and can be processed to prepare alternate energy source such as biodiesel. This personal account summarizes the development, processing, and application of food and agro‐waste in the production of biodiesel, environmental remediation, curative medicine, and in the development of biocatalysts, by researchers in our laboratory.

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Section: Utilization Of Liquid Waste To Produce Value Added Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Food and Agricultural Waste: A Step towards Greener Future

Rao¹,

Rathod²

2018

The Chemical Record

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“…Furthermore, increasing the reactor temperature increased the miscibility and solubility of methanol in the WCO, leading to an increase in the kinetic energy of the reactants and their better contact. This could also be attributed to the fact that the diffusion resistance between the different phases of the mixture decreased owing to a drop in viscosity at higher temperatures (Gupta et al, 2015). However, further increase of the liquid media temperature beyond 60 °C might have negatively impacted the cavitational effects of the ultrasound irradiations, lowering the conversion efficiency unfavorably (Maran and Priya, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In better words, elevating the liquid media temperature beyond an optimal value could lead to evaporation of a portion of the involved alcohol, decreasing the possibility of successful collision of triglyceride molecules with the alcohol. This could also lead to the supersaturation of cavitational bubbles with methanol vapor, resulting in their implosion with lower intensity (Gupta et al, 2015). Furthermore, increasing the liquid medium temperature could have also reduced the cavitational effect by facilitating the propagation and dissipation of the ultrasound waves (Korkut and Bayramoglu, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should also be noted that further increase of alcohol/oil molar ratio beyond an optimal value could lead to only a marginal increase in the conversion efficiency and could also reverse the transesterification reaction due to an excessive dilution of oil. Gupta et al (2015) noted that the access of triglycerides molecules to active site of the catalyst used was diminished at higher alcohol/oil molar ratios due to oil dilution. Moreover, further increasing the alcohol/oil ratio could result in difficulties during biodiesel purification and separation process.…”

Section: Equipment and Instruments Specificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and evaluation of a novel low power, high frequency piezoelectric-based ultrasonic reactor for intensifying the transesterification reaction

et al. 2016

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(S. Hosseinpour) † These authors contributed equally.Please cite this article as: Aghbashlo M., Tabatabaei M., Hosseinpour S., Hosseini S.S., Ghaffari A., Khounani Z., Mohammadi P. Development and evaluation of a novel low power, high frequency piezoelectric-based ultrasonic reactor for intensifying the transesterification reaction. HIGHLIGHTSA novel low power, high frequency piezoelectricbased ultrasonic reactor was investigated for the first time for rapid biodiesel production.  6:1 alcohol/oil molar ratio, 10 min sonication time, and 60 °C temperature as the optimal conditions.  Conversion efficiency of 97.12% at a specific energy consumption of as low as 378 kJ/kg was achieved. Promising replacement for high power, low frequency ultrasonic systems was introduced. In this study, a novel low power, high frequency piezoelectric-based ultrasonic reactor was developed and evaluated for intensifying the transesterification process. The reactor was equipped with an automatic temperature control system, a heating element, a precise temperature sensor, and a piezoelectric-based ultrasonic module. The conversion efficiency and specific energy consumption of the reactor were examined under different operational conditions, i.e., reactor temperature (40-60 °C), ultrasonication time (6-10 min), and alcohol/oil molar ratio (4:1-8:1). Transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) was performed in the presence of a base-catalyst (potassium hydroxide) using methanol. According to the obtained results, alcohol/oil molar ratio of 6:1, ultrasonication time of 10 min, and reactor temperature of 60 °C were found as the best operational conditions. Under these conditions, the reactor converted WCO to biodiesel with a conversion efficiency of 97.12%, meeting the ASTM standard satisfactorily, while the lowest specific energy consumption of 378 kJ/kg was also recorded. It should be noted that the highest conversion efficiency of 99.3 %, achieved at reactor temperature of 60 °C, ultrasonication time of 10 min, and alcohol/oil molar ratio of 8:1, was not favorable as the associated specific energy consumption was higher at 395 kJ/kg. Overall, the low power, high frequency piezoelectric-based ultrasonic module could be regarded as an efficient and reliable technology for intensifying the transesterification process in terms of energy consumption, conversion efficiency, and processing time, in comparison with high power, low frequency ultrasonic system reported previously. Finally, this technology could also be considered for designing, developing, and retrofitting chemical reactors being employed for non-biofuel applications as well. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT © 2016 BRTeam. All rights reserved.Journal homepage: www.biofueljournal.com Aghbashlo et al. / Biofuel Research Journal 12 (2016) 528-535 Please cite this article as: Aghbashlo M., Tabatabaei M., Hosseinpour S., Hosseini S.S., Ghaffari A., Khounani Z., Mohammadi P. Development and evaluation of a novel low power, high frequency piezoelectric-based ultrasonic...

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“…Gupta et al also reported that with increasing methanol volume, viscosity of the reaction mixture decreased which results in the reduction of diffusion resistance between oleic acid, methanol and catalyst 41 .…”

Section: Effect Of Methanolmentioning

confidence: 96%