Enhanced uniformity of sputtered oxygenated cadmium sulfide (CdS:O) films for large area photovoltaic applications

Rimmaudo, I.; Loeza-Poot, M.; Camacho-Espinosa, E.; Mis-Fernández, R.; Peña, J. L.

doi:10.1016/j.solener.2018.08.058

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The introduction of oxygen also induces blue shift of Cd 3 d and S 2 p peak (Figure e, f). Moreover, a peak of SO 4 at 168.8 eV in the S 2 p XPS spectrum was detected (Figure f), , and the blue shift of the peak is also observed. The blue shift of the XPS peak suggests that the dispersed surface [SO 4 ] gradually aggregates to form bulk CdSO 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Surface Sulfate Ion on CdS Catalyst Enhances Syngas Generation from Biopolyols

et al. 2021

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Photocatalytic biomass conversion represents an ideal way of generating syngas because of the sustainable use of biomass carbon and solar energy. However, the lack of efficient electron–proton transfer limits its efficiency. We here report an unprecedented method to simultaneously increase both the electron and proton transfer by creating surface sulfate ions on the CdS catalyst ([SO4]/CdS). Surface sulfate ion [SO4] is bifunctional, serving as the proton acceptor to promote proton transfer, and increasing the oxidation potential of the valence band to enhance electron transfer. [SO4]/CdS produces a syngas mixture from glycerol without CO2. Compared with pristine CdS, [SO4]/CdS exhibits 9-fold higher CO generation rate (0.31 mmol g–1 h–1) and 4-fold higher H2 generation (0.05 mmol g–1 h–1). A wide range of sugars, such as glucose, fructose, maltose, sucrose, xylose, lactose, insulin, and starch, were facilely converted into syngas. This study reports the pivotal effect of surface sulfate ion on electron–proton transfer in photocatalysis and provides a facile method for increasing photocatalytic efficiency.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Surface Sulfate Ion on CdS Catalyst Enhances Syngas Generation from Biopolyols

et al. 2021

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“…Multi-component coatings are highly used in various fields such as photovoltaic, gas sensing and especially machining industries to protect metallic tools. Furthermore, to have better performance in machining (e.g., die machining and cutting tools applications), ceramic thin films are preferred rather than metallic ones [1][2][3][4][5][6] due to the high hardness, thermal stability, chemical inertness and low thermal coefficient of ceramic materials [7][8][9]. Transition metal nitrides (TMNs) and transition metal carbides (TMCs) are the first choices to employ in related industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Substrate Bias Voltage on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cr-Nb-Ti-Zr-N-O Ceramic Thin Films Produced by Reactive Sputtering

et al. 2023

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Hard coatings are applied in various applications to protect substrates from wear and corrosion. In the present study, multi-element ceramic films are deposited by reactive sputtering. The level of substrate bias voltage (−50, −125 and −200 V) is changed to investigate the structural and mechanical properties of Cr-Nb-Ti-Zr-N thin films. Chemical analysis (using EDS, XRD and Raman spectroscopy) reveals that these thin films (with a high amount of oxygen) are composed of a nanocomposite phase structure (amorphous and nano-crystalline phases). CrO2 and NbxN crystalline phases exist in an amorphous matrix in the coatings. By increasing the substrate voltage (from −50 to −200 V), the nitrogen content (from 30 to 40 at. %) increases, and CrxN crystalline phases are generated in S125 and S200. Morphological, topological and image analysis (employing FESEM and AFM) data show that the intermediate level of substrate bias voltage (sample S125) can produce a uniform surface with minimum defect density (15%). In addition, S125 has the minimum level of roughness (16.6 nm), skewness (0.2) and kurtosis (2.8). Therefore, the hardness, toughness and wear resistance (extracted from indentation and scratch tests) of this sample is maximum (H is 24.5 GPa and H/E is 0.107), while sample S50 shows complete fracture and delamination.

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