Enhanced temperature and emission from a standoff 266 nm laser initiated LIBS plasma using a simultaneous 106 μm CO_2 laser pulse

Abstract

A deep UV 266 nm laser induced LIBS plasma has been enhanced by using a simultaneous 10.6 microm CO(2) laser pulse at standoff ranges up to 55 m for several targets including metals, ceramics and plastics. The LIBS plasma emission was produced, for the first time, by a 266 nm laser and was enhanced by several orders of magnitude using the CO(2) laser pulse. The temperature of the enhanced LIBS plasma was measured, for the first time, and was observed to increase by about 3000K due to the addition of the CO(2) laser pulse.

Lidar (light detection and ranging)

“…The emitted light can be detected using a classical lidar telescope, spectrometer, and detector CCD array to measure the wavelength spectrum of the emitted light. Figure 10.11 shows a schematic of a LIBS lidar system consisting of a 266 nm 90 mJ/pulse 6 ns UV laser pulse and a simultaneous 10 micron CO 2 laser pulse used to superheat the plasma spark (Pal et al ., 2009). Figure 10.12 shows the calculated LIBS signal from an aluminum target that has been propagated through the atmosphere as a function of range (Plutov and Killinger, 2008); initial measured results are similar to those shown in Fig.…”

Nd:YAG-CO_2 double-pulse laser induced breakdown spectroscopy of organic films

“…technique, as well as providing better reproducibility [25]. Double-pulse LIBS using both collinear [17,18,[21][22][23][24] and orthogonal [15,16,26] irradiation of either single [15][16][17][18]21] or multiple wavelength [18,[22][23][24] laser pulses has been demonstrated. Recently, LIBS emission enhancements with a factor of 25-300 (depending on the emitting species) have been reported using a multi-wavelength (1.064 µm/10.6 µm) approach on an alumina ceramic sample [22].…”

“…LIBS suffers from plasma irreproducibility that is caused by laser instabilities, ablation irreproducibility and sample non-homogeneity, all resulting in a relative standard deviation (RSD) on the order of 5-10% [12,13]. A double-pulse approach, first reported in 1969 [14], has been investigated by many groups [13,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] as a method of improving the sensitivity and selectivity of the LIBS (C) 2010 OSA 4 January 2010 / Vol. 18…”

Emission Characteristics of Laser-Induced Plasma Using Collinear Long and Short Dual-Pulse Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)

“…A neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser-CO 2 DP-LIBS using a second and long pulse of 10.6 mm CO 2 laser pulse was applied to enhance the emission signal with the crossed beam configuration. [27][28][29] However, a CO 2 laser is not suitable for the long distance measurement coupling with the optical fiber. The benefits of long pulse LIBS for underwater spectroscopy were reported to demonstrate an improvement in the quality of the signal observed by increasing the duration of the pulse used for ablation to 150 ns at hydrostatic pressures in the range of 0.1-30 MPa.…”