Enhanced Sodium Absorption by Citrate

Association of Altered RFLP with Coeliac Disease Among Hungarian Families

“…Further investigations are nece ssary. We would like to point out that the earlier study of Phillips (1) on electrolyte and water absorption of actively purged cholera patient s showed that although sodium chloride solutions without any sub strate are not absorbed, bicarbonate was absorbed. We appreciate the points made, which only indicate that further studies are required before any definitive conclusions can be made.…”

“…During the past several years, molecular genetic strategies have proved useful in accurately defining those immunologically suspected HLA haplotypes associated with a predisposition to coeliac disease (CD). Through the application of DR-f3 chain, DQ-f3 chain, and DP-a and f3 chain cDNA probes, restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers were found to be associated with the development of CD (1)(2)(3)(4). Several population-dependent differences have also been discovered (2,5).…”

Enhanced Sodium Absorption by Citrate

“…To the Editor: Patra and associates (1) rightly state that the rationale for including bicarbonate, or indeed any base in oral rehydration solutions (ORS), rests on correction of the metabolic acidosis and the proabsorptive effect of bicarbonate for sodium and water. However, they are incorrect in their statement that the effect of citrate on sodium and water absorption from mammalian intestine has not been studied.…”

Bicarbonate and Citrate in Oral Rehydration Therapy

“…Such studies have previously involved perfusion of ORSs through short segments of normal rat intestine (14)(15)(16); thus, their findings may not be applicable to disease states in which intestinal transport processes may be disrupted. However, a recent study in normal entire rat small intestine suggested that citrate does enhance water and sodium absorption (17). We have therefore developed an animal model of secretory diarrhea using cholera toxin (11,18,19) and have shown by perfusion of the entire rat jejunum and ileum that there are differences in the efficacy of currently available and experimental ORSs with respect to water and sodium absorption.…”

“…These studies were performed in normal intestine using electrolyte solutions that did not contain glucose. However, a recent study in normal rat small intestine confirmed the proabsorptive effect of citrate for both water and sodium when included in a glucose-containing electrolyte solution (10). In contrast, studies in secreting rat small intestines suggest that base may not be beneficial in enterotoxin-induced diarrhea and may even be detrimental (11,12).…”