Enhanced separation of seven quinolones by capillary electrophoresis with silica nanoparticles as additive

CE‐ECL detection of gatifloxacin in biological fluid after clean‐up using SPE

“…For gatifloxacin, the LOQ and LOD were 5.0 Â 10 À8 and 2.0 Â 10 À8 g/mL at S/N of 10 and 3, respectively. This analysis system for gatifloxacin shows LOQ of 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than that of most of the previously reported chromatography-based method [4][5][6][7][8][10][11][12][13].…”

“…So far, some methods such as HPLC-UV [4][5][6][7], HPLCfluorimetry [6,8], HPLC-MS [9], CE-UV [10][11][12], highperformance TLC [13], fluorimetry [14,15], UV [16], chemiluminescent analysis [17], voltammetry [18], polarography [19], atomic absorption spectrometry [20], conductometry [20] and colorimetry [20] have been developed for the analysis of gatifloxacin in pharmaceutical preparation, biological fluid and animal tissue. Among these, HPLC [4,6,8,9] based strategies have been most universally used for the determination of this drug in biological samples since the complex matrix may severely interfere in the analysis if effective separation process is absent.…”

“…Furthermore, as a ''green'' technique, CE separation is commonly performed in aqueous running buffers or aqueous running buffers containing a spot of organic solvent instead of organic mobile phase in HPLC, which diminishes pollution to the environment and damage to the operator. However, the sensitivity of the reported works concerning the determination of gatifloxacin in biological sample using CE is limited due to the UV detector commonly used, in which LOQ of 5.0 Â 10 À6 and 5.0 Â 10 À7 g/mL [10][11][12] are achieved. ECL using tris(2,2 0 -bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy) 3 21 ) has been extensively applied for the analysis of various compounds containing secondary or tertiary amine [21,22].…”

“…Furthermore, CE also shows higher column efficiency than some other chromatographic strategies such as TLC and HPLC. Compared with UV detection after CE separation [10][11][12], the proposed strategy shows higher sensitivity and lower LOD due to the application of ECL detector. The performance in quantitation of gatifloxacin in urine and blood reveals that the proposed method is promising and practical in pharmacokinetics investigation.…”

A Fluorescence Probe Based on Biomolecule-stabilized Gold Nanoclusters for the Detection of Pazufloxacin Mesilate

“…Existing methods for the determination of PZFX include high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), [4][5][6] fluorescence method, 7 chemiluminescence, 8,9 and capillary electrophoresis. 10,11 The HPLC method with UV detector is a good method for detection with efficient separation, but the sensitivity is very low. While the fluorescence and chemiluminescence analysis methods offer high sensitivity, poor anti interference ability make them impractical for complex samples.…”