Enhanced remedial amendment delivery to subsurface using shear thinning fluid and aqueous foam

Zhong, Lirong; Szecsody, James E.; Oostrom, Martinus; Truex, Michael J.; Shen, Xueju; Li, Xiqing

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.04.074

Cited by 82 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The shear thinning properties of the injection solution promote a more uniform distribution of the delivered amendment in heterogeneous subsurface environments (Martel et al, 1998;Zhong et al, 2008Zhong et al, , 2011. The addition of 1.5 wt.% WVO to a 2500 mg/L xanthan solution did not alter the viscosity or shear thinning behavior of the solution (Fig.…”

Section: Rheological Properties Of Oil-in-xanthan Suspensionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Owing to their shear thinning characteristics, these fluids can enhance the distribution of entrained amendments into lower permeability zones, thereby enhancing the remediation processes (Chokejaroenrat et al, 2013;Kananizadeh et al, 2015;Silva et al, 2013;Zhong et al, 2008Zhong et al, , 2011). STFs have been tested and applied as a means to deliver dissolved remedial amendments (Chokejaroenrat et al, 2013(Chokejaroenrat et al, , 2014Kananizadeh et al, 2015;Smith et al, 2008;Truex et al, 2015;Zhong et al, 2008Zhong et al, , 2011Zhong et al, , 2013 or reactive particles (Comba and Sethi, 2009;Dalla Vecchia et al, 2009;Oostrom et al, 2007;Tiraferri et al, 2008;Truex et al, 2011a,b) to the subsurface for the purpose of enhancing remediation effectiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Delivery of vegetable oil suspensions in a shear thinning fluid for enhanced bioremediation

Zhong

Truex

Kananizadeh

et al. 2015

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology

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In situ anaerobic biological processes are widely applied for dechlorination of chlorinated solvents in groundwater. A wide range of organic substrates have been tested and applied to support the dechlorination processes. Vegetable oils are a promising type of substrate and have been shown to induce effective dechlorination, have limited geochemical impacts, and maintain good longevity. Because they are non-aqueous phase liquids, distribution of vegetable oils in the subsurface has typically been approached by creating emulsified oil solutions for injection into the aquifer. In this study, inexpensive waste vegetable oils were suspended in a shear-thinning xanthan gum solution as an alternative approach for delivery of vegetable oil to the subsurface. The stability, oil droplet size distribution, and rheological behavior of the oil suspensions that are created in the xanthan solutions were studied in batch experiments. The injectability of the suspensions and the oil distribution in a porous medium were evaluated in column tests. Numerical modeling of oil droplet transport and distribution in porous media was conducted to help interpret the columntest data. Batch studies showed that simple mixing of vegetable oil with xanthan solution produced stable suspensions of the oil as micron-size droplets. The mixture rheology retains shear-thinning properties that facilitate improved uniformity of substrate distribution in heterogeneous aquifers. Column tests demonstrated successful injection of the vegetable oil suspension into a porous medium. This study provides evidence that vegetable oil suspensions in xanthan gum solutions have favorable injection properties and are a potential substrate for in situ anaerobic bioremediation.Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Section: Rheological Properties Of Oil-in-xanthan Suspensionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery of vegetable oil suspensions in a shear thinning fluid for enhanced bioremediation

Zhong

Truex

Kananizadeh

et al. 2015

Journal of Contaminant Hydrology

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“…To get remedial fluids to penetrate LPZs, shear-thinning polymers like xanthan have been used as a co-injected remedial agent to increase the viscosity of the displacing fluid [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and stimulate cross-flow between layers that differ in permeability [14,15]. Smith et al [16] provided the first evidence that xanthan was compatible with MnO 4 − and could be used as a polymerenhanced chemical oxidation treatment for perchloroethylene (PCE).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the treatment of non-aqueous phase TCE in low permeability zones with permanganate

Chokejaroenrat

Comfort²,

Sakulthaew

et al. 2014

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…After injection, the viscosity increases and the solution may remain hydraulically stable (i.e., groundwater will flow around a shearthinning polymer zone) until the polymer degrades. Laboratory examples of relatively stable polymer solutions in moving groundwater have been described by Zhong et al (2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These solutions show strong shear-thinning behavior over a range of polymer concentrations and salinities, and when mixed with a variety of remedial amendments (Zhong et al 2013). In the laboratory, xanthan-containing STFs have been used to enhance the delivery of particulate suspensions (Comba and Sethi 2009;Comba et al 2011;Vecchia et al 2009;Xue and Sethi 2012) and remedial amendment emplacement into low-permeability zones in laboratory 2-D flow cell heterogeneous systems (Chokejaroenrat et al 2013(Chokejaroenrat et al , 2014Martel et al 1998;Robert et al 2006;Smith et al 2008;Silva et al 2012;Zhong et al 2008Zhong et al , 2011. In addition, several numerical models have been developed to simulate xanthan emplacement and distribution in heterogeneous systems (e.g., Chokejaroenrat et al 2013;Silva et al 2013;Tosco and Sethi 2010;Zhong et al 2008).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remedial Amendment Delivery Near the Water Table Using Shear Thinning Fluids: Experiments and Numerical Simulations

et al. 2014

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The use of non-Newtonian shear thinning fluids (STFs) containing xanthan is a potential enhancement for emplacing a solute amendment near the water table and within the capillary fringe. Most research to date related to STF behavior has involved saturated and confined conditions. A series of flow cell experiments were conducted to investigate STF emplacement in variable saturated homogeneous and layered heterogeneous systems. Besides flow visualization using dyes, amendment concentrations and pressure data were obtained at several locations. The experiments showed that injection of STFs considerably improved the subsurface distribution near the water table by mitigating preferential flow through higher permeability zones compared to no-polymer injections. The phosphate amendment migrated with the xanthan STF without retardation. Despite the high viscosity of the STF, no excessive mounding or preferential flow were observed in the unsaturated zone. The STOMP simulator was able to predict the experimentally observed fluid displacement and amendment concentrations well. Based on the observed pressure gradients and concentration data in layers of differing hydraulic conductivity, cross flow between layers was identified as the main mechanism transporting STFs into lower permeability layers.

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Enhanced remedial amendment delivery to subsurface using shear thinning fluid and aqueous foam

Cited by 82 publications

References 28 publications

Delivery of vegetable oil suspensions in a shear thinning fluid for enhanced bioremediation

Delivery of vegetable oil suspensions in a shear thinning fluid for enhanced bioremediation

Improving the treatment of non-aqueous phase TCE in low permeability zones with permanganate

Remedial Amendment Delivery Near the Water Table Using Shear Thinning Fluids: Experiments and Numerical Simulations

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