“…Smoking rates are high among individuals living with HIV (Mamary, Bahrs, & Martinez, 2002;Niaura, Shadel, Morrow, Flanigan, & Abrams, 1999). Smoking is related to reduced health-related quality of life in HIV-positive individuals and increased incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses, malignancies, mortality (Crothers et al, 2005;Kirk et al, 2007;Kohli et al, 2006;MiguezBurbano, Ashkin, & Rodriguez, 2005), and disease progression (Abbud, Finegan, Guay, & Rich, 1995;Nieman, Fleming, Coker, Harris, & Mitchell, 1993). Unfortunately, smokers living Advance Access publication May 14, 2014 nicotine & tobacco research, volume 16, number 10 (October 2014nicotine & tobacco research, volume 16, number 10 (October ) 1283nicotine & tobacco research, volume 16, number 10 (October -1288 with HIV may be less likely to quit and less motivated to quit (Gritz, Vidrine, Lazev, Amick, & Arduino, 2004;Niaura et al, 1999).…”