Enhanced production of cordycepin in Ophiocordyceps sinensis using growth supplements under submerged conditions

Kaushik, Vikas; Singh, Amanvir; Arya, Aditi; Sindhu, Sangeeta C.; Sindhu, Anil; Singh, Ajay P.

doi:10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00557

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Thus, it can be expected that the obtaining of industrial strains possesses salt tolerance and high cordycepin production via overexpression of the cordycepin biosynthetic gene and salt-tolerant gene. Interestingly, a significant upregulation of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR, 70.19-fold), 5′-Nucleotidase ( NT5E , 63.43-fold), purA (Adenylosuccinate synthase, 8.43-fold), and Adenylate kinase ( ADEK , 17.52-fold) gene expression was observed upon hypoxanthine treatment, which are downstream genes responsible for cordycepin biosynthesis in Ophiocordyceps sinensis ( 30 ). Analogous effects have also been achieved on several other potent growth supplements, such as amino acids, plant hormones, and vitamins.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, optimization of medium composition is usually the first choice to increase the content of cordycepin. Growth supplements and additives, such as sugar, amino acids (L-alanine, glycine, casein hydrolysate, and glutamine), vitamins, inorganic salts (ferrous sulfate and sodium selenite), nucleoside analog (hypoxanthine and adenosine), porcine liver extracts, or vegetable oils (peanut and cottonseed oil), were proved to be successful ( 8 , 25 – 30 ). Moreover, ways of genetic and metabolic engineering are noteworthy, and two main methods are mentioned as follows, the overexpression and disruption of the gene on the cordycepin biosynthetic cluster.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptomic Responses of Cordyceps militaris to Salt Treatment During Cordycepins Production

Zhu

Cheng

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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Cordycepin is a major bioactive compound found in Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) that exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities. Hence, it is potentially a bioactive ingredient of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. However, overexploitation and low productivity of natural C. militaris is a barrier to commercialization, which leads to insufficient supply to meet its existing market demands. In this study, a preliminary study of distinct concentrations of salt treatments toward C. militaris was conducted. Although the growth of C. militaris was inhibited by different salt treatments, the cordycepin production increased significantly accompanied by the increment of salt concentration. Among them, the content of cordycepin in the 7% salt-treated group was five-fold higher than that of the control group. Further transcriptome analysis of samples with four salt concentrations, coupled with Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment, several differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found. Finally, dynamic changes of the expression patterns of four genes involved in the cordycepin biosynthesis pathway were observed by the quantitative real-time PCR. Taken together, our study provides a global transcriptome characterization of the salt treatment adaptation process in C. militaris and facilitates the construction of industrial strains with a high cordycepin production and salt tolerance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic Responses of Cordyceps militaris to Salt Treatment During Cordycepins Production

Zhu

Cheng

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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“…The content of cordycepin was analyzed by RP-HPLC as described by Kaushik et al (2020) with some modifications [ 30 ]. The analysis was performed using a Hitachi HPLC system (Merck, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with a type L-7100 pump.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cordyceps militaris—Fruiting Bodies, Mycelium, and Supplements: Valuable Component of Daily Diet

et al. 2022

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Cordyceps militaris has long been used in Eastern medicine for alleviating fatigue and as an immunostimulant. The present study aimed to determine the content of biologically active substances (bioelements and organic compounds), the total phenolic content, and the antioxidant activity of fruiting bodies (commercially available and self-cultivated), mycelia, and two food supplements. The results show that substrate composition and cultivation method had an influence on the properties of mushroom materials. An important aspect of the study is the estimation of the content of bioactive substances present after extraction into digestive juices in the artificial gastrointestinal tract model, which can allow for determining the amount of these substances that is potentially bioavailable for the human body. The best results for cordycepin (81.4 mg/100 g d.w.) and lovastatin (53.6 mg/100 g d.w.) were achieved for commercially available food supplements. Furthermore, after digestion in artificial intestinal juice, the highest amount of cordycepin was determined in the fruiting bodies from commercially obtained (25.9 mg/100 g d.w.) and self-cultivated mushroom (25.8 mg/100 g d.w.). In conclusion, the mycelium and fruiting bodies of C. militaris are ideal food supplements and pharmaceutical agents and can serve as a good source of prohealth substances potentially bioavailable for humans.

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“…For example, researchers have investigated different media to artificially culture C. militaris mycelia, such as silkworm pupa, solid rice medium, germinated soybean medium, and soybean broth [ 34 – 39 ]. Many studies have investigated different concentrations of carbon and nitrogen in the media to explore the best conditions for the growth of C. militaris mycelia [ 40 – 45 ]. Previous studies have shown that C. militaris mycelia contain specific pharmacologically active components, such as cordycepin, polysaccharides, ergosterol, and mannitol, and that they can be used effectively for various medicinal purposes or as functional foods [ 46 – 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement in the Blood Urea Nitrogen and Serum Creatinine Using New Cultivation of Cordyceps militaris

Yang

Kuo

Wang

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a critical public health issue with a huge financial burden for both patients and society worldwide. Unfortunately, there are currently no efficacious therapies to prevent or delay the progression of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Traditional Chinese medicine practices have shown that Cordyceps militaris (C. militaris) mycelia have a variety of pharmacologically useful properties, including antitumor, immunomodulation, and hepatoprotection. However, the effect of mycelial C. militaris on CKD remains unclear. Methods. Here, we investigated the effects of C. militaris mycelia on mice with CKD using four types of media: HKS, HKS with vitamin A (HKS + A), CM, and CM with vitamin A (CM + A). Results. The results at day 10 revealed that the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly lower in the HKS (41%), HKS + A (41%), and CM + A (34%) groups compared with those in the corresponding control groups (nephrectomic mice). The level of serum creatinine in the HKS + A group decreased by 35% at day 10, whereas the levels in the HKS and CM + A groups decreased only by 14% and 13%, respectively, on day 30. Taken together, this is the first report using four new media (HKS, HKS + A, CM, and CM + A medium) for C. militaris mycelia. Each medium of mycelial C. militaris on CKD exhibits specific effect on BUN, serum creatinine, body weight, total protein, and uric acid. Conclusions. Taken together, this is the first report using four new media (HKS, HKS + A, CM, and CM + A medium) for C. militaris mycelia. Each medium of mycelial C. militaris on CKD exhibits specific effects on BUN, serum creatinine, body weight, total protein, and uric acid. We concluded that treatment with C. militaris mycelia cultured in HKS or CM + A medium could potentially prevent the deterioration of kidney function in mice with CKD.

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Enhanced production of cordycepin in Ophiocordyceps sinensis using growth supplements under submerged conditions

Abstract: Highlights The growth supplements remarkably enhanced the cordycepin production. Hypoxanthine and adenosine yielded higher amount of cordycepin. The potent growth supplements activated cordycepin biosynthesis pathway. Upregulation of RNR , NT5E , ADEK and purA mRNA expression was observed.

Cited by 19 publications

References 55 publications

Transcriptomic Responses of Cordyceps militaris to Salt Treatment During Cordycepins Production

Transcriptomic Responses of Cordyceps militaris to Salt Treatment During Cordycepins Production

Cordyceps militaris—Fruiting Bodies, Mycelium, and Supplements: Valuable Component of Daily Diet

Improvement in the Blood Urea Nitrogen and Serum Creatinine Using New Cultivation of Cordyceps militaris

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