Enhanced production of CC-chemokines (RANTES, MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and eotaxin) in patients with atopic dermatitis

Abstract

CC-chemokines are potent molecules that direct the migration of leukocytes to inflammatory foci. To determine their role in inflammation associated with atopic dermatitis (AD), we determined serum levels and spontaneous production of CC-chemokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in AD patients using an ELISA. Serum levels of RANTES, MCP-1, MIP-1beta, and eotaxin were increased in AD patients (n = 52) compared with normal controls (n = 22). Serum levels of RANTES, MCP-1, and MIP-1beta were increased in AD patients with severe disease (n = 19) compared with normal controls (n = 22). Spontaneous production of RANTES, MCP-1, MIP-1alpha and MIP-1beta by PBMC was augmented in AD patients (n = 39) and in patients with severe AD (n = 14) compared with normal controls (n = 20). Serum RANTES levels correlated with total serum IgE levels, eosinophil numbers, and serum lactate dehydrogenase levels. Our results suggest that augmented production of CC-chemokines correlates with inflammation associated with AD.

Changes in leukocyte counts, lymphocyte subpopulations and the mRNA expression of selected cytokines in the peripheral blood of dogs with atopic dermatitis

“…Increased levels of the CCL3 chemokine in peripheral blood have only been described in humans suffering from AD (Kaburagi et al 2001;Kakinuma et al 2003). In our study, we did not confirm a significant increase in CCL3 mRNA expression in dogs with AD, but a direct correlation between the expression levels before stimulation and the severity of clinical signs was noted.…”

“…CCL5 is one of the major chemoattractants for memory T-lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils (Rot et al 1992), which could explain the significantly elevated absolute count of monocytes in the subgroup of patients with the mild clinical form of the disease. A correlation between the number of eosinophils and the levels of CCL5 mRNA was not confirmed in contrast to the results of a study of humans with AD by Kaburagi et al (2001).…”

“…In humans suffering from AD, increased serum levels have been reported in peripheral blood (Gluck and Rogala 1999;Kaburagi et al 2001), but they did not correlate with clinical scores (Gluck and Rogala 1999). In our study, we did not confirm these findings of increased levels and, moreover, the levels of expression after stimulation were inversely proportional to CADESI-03 values.…”

“…These inflammatory cells, in conjunction with lymphocytes, are attracted towards the site of the immune response by chemokines (Homey et al 2006) which are mostly produced by leukocytes, dendritic and dermal endothelial cells (Zlotnik and Yoshie 2000;Kaburagi et al 2001). Besides cytokines and chemokines, the activity of cells involved in allergic responses is controlled by transcription factors that influence cytokine production at the nuclear level (Zheng et al 1997), while suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) negatively regulate cytokine signal transduction between receptors and intracellular signalling molecules (Krebs and Hilton 2000).…”

Clinical correlations of recent developments in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis

“…70,[106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117] CCL27 is a skin specific chemokine made by keratinocytes following induction by TNF-α and IL-1β. 108,118 The CCL27-CCR10 interaction plays an important role in controlling recruitment of memory T cells to the skin 108 though CCR4 has also been reported to play a role in this process, and skin homing CLA+ memory T cells have been shown to express CCR10 and CCR4.…”