Enhanced production of biomass and lipids by Euglena gracilis via co-culturing with a microalga growth-promoting bacterium, Emticicia sp. EG3

Toyama, Tadashi; Hanaoka, Tsubasa; Yamada, Koji; Suzuki, Kengo; Tanaka, Yasuhiro; Morikawa, Masaaki; Mori, Koji

doi:10.1186/s13068-019-1544-2

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Previous reports have also indicated that the biomass and paramylon production of E. gracilis is increased when it is co-cultivated with the bacterium Pseudoalteromonas under optimal conditions, the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of the bacterium contributed to the results ( Jeon et al, 2019 , 2020 ). When co-cultivated with the microalga growth-promoting bacterium Emticicia , E. gracilis was found to have higher biomass and produce more lipids ( Toyama et al, 2019 ). Despite all of the beneficial effects found in these co-cultivation systems, the underlying mechanisms have not been sufficiently studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

Ouyang

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The microalga Euglena gracilis is utilized in the food, medicinal, and supplement industries. However, its mass production is currently limited by its low production efficiency and high risk of microbial contamination. In this study, physiological and biochemical parameters of E. gracilis co-cultivated with the bacteria Vibrio natriegens were investigated. A previous study reports the benefits of E. gracilis and V. natriegens co-cultivation; however, no bacterium growth and molecular mechanisms were further investigated. Our results show that this co-cultivation positively increased total chlorophyll, microalgal growth, dry weight, and storage sugar paramylon content of E. gracilis compared to the pure culture without V. natriegens. This analysis represents the first comprehensive metabolomic study of microalgae-bacterial co-cultivation, with 339 metabolites identified. This co-cultivation system was shown to have synergistic metabolic interactions between microalgal and bacterial cells, with a significant increase in methyl carbamate, ectoine, choline, methyl N-methylanthranilate, gentiatibetine, 4R-aminopentanoic acid, and glu-val compared to the cultivation of E. gracilis alone. Taken together, these results fill significant gaps in the current understanding of microalgae-bacteria co-cultivation systems and provide novel insights into potential improvements for mass production and industrial applications of E. gracilis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

Ouyang

Chen

Zhao

et al. 2021

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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“…For example, specific antagonistic organisms can be introduced to promote the synthesis of antibiotics (Bertrand et al, 2014;Romano et al, 2018;Bovio et al, 2019b). Enhanced lipid production in microalgae has been documented in co-cultivation of microalgae and bacteria, including cyanobacteria (Ferro et al, 2019;Gautam et al, 2019;Toyama et al, 2019), as well as in co-cultivation of microalgae and fungi (Arora et al, 2019). Growth-enhancement in microalgae has been documented in co-cultivation of microalgae with other microalgae (Ishika et al, 2019), as well as with fungi and protozoa (Peng et al, 2016).…”

Section: Biotechnological Production Of Secondary Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Essentials of Marine Biotechnology

Barbier²,

et al. 2021

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Coastal countries have traditionally relied on the existing marine resources (e.g., fishing, food, transport, recreation, and tourism) as well as tried to support new economic endeavors (ocean energy, desalination for water supply, and seabed mining). Modern societies and lifestyle resulted in an increased demand for dietary diversity, better health and well-being, new biomedicines, natural cosmeceuticals, environmental conservation, and sustainable energy sources. These societal needs stimulated the interest of researchers on the diverse and underexplored marine environments as promising and sustainable sources of biomolecules and biomass, and they are addressed by the emerging field of marine (blue) biotechnology. Blue biotechnology provides opportunities for a wide range of initiatives of commercial interest for the pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, food, feed, agricultural, and related industries. This article synthesizes the essence, opportunities, responsibilities, and challenges encountered in marine biotechnology and outlines the attainment and valorization of directly derived or bio-inspired products from marine organisms. First, the concept of bioeconomy is introduced. Then, the diversity of marine bioresources including an overview of the most prominent marine organisms and their potential for biotechnological uses are described. This is followed by introducing methodologies for exploration of these resources and the main use case scenarios in energy, food and feed, agronomy, bioremediation and climate change, cosmeceuticals, bio-inspired materials, healthcare, and well-being sectors. The key aspects in the fields of legislation and funding are provided, with the emphasis on the importance of communication and stakeholder engagement at all levels of biotechnology development. Finally, vital overarching concepts, such as the quadruple helix and Responsible Research and Innovation principle are highlighted as important to follow within the marine biotechnology field. The authors of this review are collaborating under the European Commission-funded Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) Action Ocean4Biotech – European transdisciplinary networking platform for marine biotechnology and focus the study on the European state of affairs.

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“…Therefore, supplementation of these vitamins by scaling up cultivation, co-culturing E. gracilis and bacteria that produce the required nutrients, and production of transgenic E. gracilis , are a few solutions to overcome this problem ( Gissibl et al, 2019 ). Co-culturing microalgae and microalga growth-promoting bacteria (MGPB) is known to increase biomass production ( Fuentes et al, 2016 ; Ramanan et al, 2016 ; Toyama et al, 2019 ) Emticicia sp. EG3 was the first MGPB to be discovered and used in co-culture with E. gracilis , which enhanced the biomass production more than three-fold ( Toyama et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Research Challenges Involved In the Genetic Modification Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Co-culturing microalgae and microalga growth-promoting bacteria (MGPB) is known to increase biomass production ( Fuentes et al, 2016 ; Ramanan et al, 2016 ; Toyama et al, 2019 ) Emticicia sp. EG3 was the first MGPB to be discovered and used in co-culture with E. gracilis , which enhanced the biomass production more than three-fold ( Toyama et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Research Challenges Involved In the Genetic Modification Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Engineering Strategies for Euglena gracilis and Its Industrial Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals: A Review

Harada¹,

Nomura

Yamada³

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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The sustainable development goals (SDGs) adopted at the 2015 United Nations Summit are globally applicable goals designed to help countries realize a sustainable future. To achieve these SDGs, it is necessary to utilize renewable biological resources. In recent years, bioeconomy has been an attractive concept for achieving the SDGs. Microalgae are one of the biological resources that show promise in realizing the “5F”s (food, fiber, feed, fertilizer, and fuel). Among the microalgae, Euglena gracilis has the potential for achieving the “5F”s strategy owing to its unique features, such as production of paramylon, that are lacking in other microalgae. E. gracilis has already been produced on an industrial scale for use as an ingredient in functional foods and cosmetics. In recent years, genetic engineering methods for breeding E. gracilis have been researched and developed to achieve higher yields. In this article, we summarize how microalgae contribute toward achieving the SDGs. We focus on the contribution of E. gracilis to the bioeconomy, including its advantages in industrial use as well as its unique characteristics. In addition, we review genetic engineering-related research trends centered on E. gracilis , including a complete nuclear genome determination project, genome editing technology using the CRISPR-Cas9 system, and the development of a screening method for selecting useful strains. In particular, genome editing in E. gracilis could be a breakthrough for molecular breeding of industrially useful strains because of its high efficiency.

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Enhanced production of biomass and lipids by Euglena gracilis via co-culturing with a microalga growth-promoting bacterium, Emticicia sp. EG3

Cited by 37 publications

References 51 publications

Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

Global Metabolomics Reveals That Vibrio natriegens Enhances the Growth and Paramylon Synthesis of Euglena gracilis

The Essentials of Marine Biotechnology

Genetic Engineering Strategies for Euglena gracilis and Its Industrial Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals: A Review

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