Enhanced Polysaccharides Yield Obtained from Hydrothermal Treatment of Corn Bran via Twin-screw Extrusion

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass, such as corn bran, has limited accessibility to solvents during thermal-chemical processes. However, a pretreatment can help to change the characteristics of the raw material and improve the yield of the polysaccharides. A twin-screw extrusion pretreatment was developed to enhance the polysaccharide yield and decrease the optimum temperature and time during the hydrothermal treatment of corn bran. The effects of temperature and time on the polysaccharide yield were investigated during the hydrothermal treatment with pretreated and unpretreated corn bran. All samples were comparatively analyzed by Xray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis to investigate the changes in the chemical and physical characteristics. The results showed that the twin-screw extrusion pretreatment changed the main physical structure and thermochemical behavior of corn bran, which confirmed that it could enhance the polysaccharide yield and decrease the optimum treatment temperature and reduce the process duration. The pretreatment and the hydrothermal treatment temperature also had a synergetic effect on extraction yield and the composition of polysaccharide fractions of corn bran compared to the unpretreated sample. This study contributes to the knowledge improvement of corn bran pretreatments, which can be used for the efficient production of polysaccharides.

Modeling of Pretreatment and Acid/Alkaline Hydrolyses of Lignocellulosic Biomasses in Twin-Screw Extruders

“…20−42 The motivation behind the literature on twin-extrusion pretreatment has been bioethanol production, 16−21,23−27,29,31−34 biogas production, 35 polysaccharide extraction, 36−39 or the concept of biorefinery, 40 in general. The biomasses pretreated by twin-screw extrusion include wheat bran, 20 soybean hull, 20,21,23 Miscanthus sacchariflorus, 24,33,34 barley straw, 25,29 corn stover, 26 corn cob, 27,32,35 corn bran, 36 poplar (Populus tremuloides), 37,38 and sugar beet pulp. 39 There are some review papers where twin-screw extrusion pretreatment is covered as one of several pretreatment processes 22,28,30,41 or reviews focused specifically on twin-screw extrusion (or single screw extrusion) pretreatment studies.…”

“…Recently, our extended group developed the so-called “combined extrusion-saccharification” (CES) process where pretreatment, basic hydrolysis, and enzymatic hydrolysis take place within a single twin-screw extruder (feeding NaOH and enzymes at different lengths of the extruder). − As stated earlier, twin-screw extrusion alone or acid/alkaline-diluted hydrolyses inside twin-screw extruders have been used as pretreatment processes for lignocellulosic biomasses. − The motivation behind the literature on twin-extrusion pretreatment has been bioethanol production, − ,− ,,− biogas production, polysaccharide extraction, − or the concept of biorefinery, in general. The biomasses pretreated by twin-screw extrusion include wheat bran, soybean hull, ,, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, ,, barley straw, , corn stover, corn cob, ,, corn bran, poplar (Populus tremuloides), , and sugar beet pulp . There are some review papers where twin-screw extrusion pretreatment is covered as one of several pretreatment processes ,,, or reviews focused specifically on twin-screw extrusion (or single screw extrusion) pretreatment studies. ,,,…”

Evaluation, Characterization of Fiber Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Corncob (Zea mays L.) during Alkalization

“…The characteristic peak at 1720 cm -1 is related to the vibrational range of the carbonyl group of the ester (hemicellulose) group at ADF200 and untreated but not observed at ADF30, while the peak at 1635 cm -1 belongs to the aromatic benzene in lignin observed in all three samples (Liu et al, 2016). The result is supported in the absorption region between 1300-1200 cm -1 and 830 to 750 cm -1 which indicated a vibrations aromatic framework from lignin (Zhao et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2017). This is indicated by the peak of 1257 cm -1 (untreated) with a strong intensity, but not found at ADF200 and ADF30.…”

Study on the effects of combined processing of micro‐pulverization and extrusion on the physicochemical properties of oat bran

“…After extrusion, the interaction of lipids and proteins or the protein interacted with other macromolecules to increase the exchange of peptide bond residues with H-H (Cueto et al, 2018). In addition, the absorption peaks at 1,743 and 1,649 cm −1 verified the presence of hemicellulose polysaccharides (Liu et al, 2017). The peaks at 1,460 and 1,379 cm −1 were attributed to C-H asymmetric and symmetric variable-angle vibrations, respectively.…”