Enhanced piezoelectricity of barium titanate single crystals with engineered domain configuration

Abstract

using [111] c oriented tetragonal BaTiO 3 crystals.7,8 The d 33 of [111] c poled tetragonal BaTiO 3 crystals with enginEngineered domain configurations with diVerent domain eered domain configuration was #203 pC N−1, over twice sizes were induced in [111] c oriented tetragonal barium as large as the value for [001] c poled BaTiO 3 single domain titanate BaT iO 3 single crystals, and their piezoelectric crystals (90 pC N−1). What is more, d 33 for a [001] c poled properties investigated as a function of domain size. rhombohedral PZN-PT crystal with engineered domain Prior to this study, the dependence of domain configurconfiguration was almost 30 times larger than for a [111] c ation on temperature and electric field E was investipoled PZN-PT single domain crystal (83 pC N−1).3 To gated using polarised light microscopy to establish the explain this huge difference, attention in the present study optimum conditions for domain size control. As a result, was focused on the domain size in the engineered domain above the Curie temperature T c of 132.2°C, when E configuration. This is because the domain structure of the greater than 6 kV cm−1 was applied along the [111] c[001] c poled PZN-PT crystal was composed of fine fibredirection, an engineered domain configuration with fine like domains with a width of #1 mm,9,10 while that of domain structure appeared. Moreover, it was also found[111] c poled BaTiO 3 crystals was made up of very coarse that this fine domain structure was still stable at room domains (300-400 mm width7). Thus it is proposed that temperature in the absence of electric field. Finally, the when a fine domain structure is induced in [111] c poled piezoelectric properties were measured using 31 resonators with three domain sizes, and it was found that piezoelectric properties such as d 31and k 31 increased significantly with decreasing domain size.BCT /707

Domain-size dependence of piezoelectric properties of ferroelectrics

“…This situation is analogous to the experiments of Wada and Tsurumi 6 who studied the piezoelectric properties of tetragonal domain engineered BaT iO 3 single crystals under an electric field along [111]. For this case, we found that the multi-domain states remain stable until a field induced rectangular to rhombic transition takes place.…”

“…Since proximity to the field induced transition enhances the piezoelectric constants, the low-field piezoelectric constant for the smallest size simulated by us is found to be significantly higher than that for the single crystal and multi-domains with bigger domain sizes. Thus, the role of the domain walls in nucleating a field induced transition may be the cause of the enhanced piezoelectricity in small sized engineered domains observed by Wada and Tsurumi 6 . This enhancement may be used in practical applications, provided the field is not too close to the field induced transition.…”

Piezoelectric properties of domain engineered barium titanate single crystals with different volume fractions of domain walls

“…The trend predicted by our model is consistent with the experimental results of Wada and Tsurumi. 6 and Wada et al 7 However, the calculated results using the conducting domain wall model show the opposite trend. So, the contribution from the 90°domain wall to macroscopic piezoelectric properties must be taken into consideration.…”

“…[6][7][8][9] Several experimental works indicated that piezoelectric properties of tetragonal phase BaTiO 3 ͑BT͒ could be greatly enhanced if the crystal is poled along ͓111͔ c of the cubic reference coordinates. 6,7 An interesting phenomenon was observed in domain engineered BT crystals: The piezoelectric properties increase with the reduction in domain size. A two dimensional time dependent Ginzburg-Landau model has been used to simulate the piezoelectric response of domain engineered BT single crystals, and the theoretical model confirmed the enhancement phenomena due to domain size reduction.…”

Strain Mechanisms in Lead-Free Ferroelectrics for Actuators

“…150,151,224 Although domain size and grain size are related in polycrystalline materials ( Figure 2.18 (a)), domain engineering is also effective in single crystals. 226,227 Although coarse domain configurations generally feature diminished functional properties, they give rise to increased electric field and temperature stability. 227…”