“…Liao and co-workers (Liao et al 2020 ) constructed a visible-light-driven BiFeO 3 /TiO 2 p–n heterojunction composite via facile hydrolysis and precipitation method (Fig. 4 a–c).…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Semiconductor Heterojunction Photocatalysis and The Separation Of Electron–hole Pairsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Fig. 4 a The degradation mechanism and charge-transfer pathway of BiFeO 3/ TiO 2: p-n heterojunction system occurred between BiFeO 3 and TiO 2. b and c Scanning electron microscopy images of BiFeO 3/ TiO 2 p-n heterojunction (Reprinted with permission of Elsevier from Liao et al 2020 ). d and e Scanning electron microscopy images and f preparation process of Ag 2 O/Ta 3 N 5 p-n heterojunction (Reprinted with permission of Elsevier from Li et al 2017 ).…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Semiconductor Heterojunction Photocatalysis and The Separation Of Electron–hole Pairsmentioning
Antibiotic pollution is a major health issue inducing antibiotic resistance and the inefficiency of actual drugs, thus calling for improved methods to clean water and wastewater. Here we review the recent development of heterojunction photocatalysis and application in degrading tetracycline. We discuss mechanisms for separating photogenerated electron–hole pairs in different heterojunction systems such as traditional, p–n, direct Z-scheme, step-scheme, Schottky, and surface heterojunction. Degradation pathways of tetracycline during photocatalysis are presented. We compare the efficiency of tetracycline removal by various heterojunctions using quantum efficiency, space time yield, and figures of merit. Implications for the treatment of antibiotic-contaminated wastewater are discussed.
“…Liao and co-workers (Liao et al 2020 ) constructed a visible-light-driven BiFeO 3 /TiO 2 p–n heterojunction composite via facile hydrolysis and precipitation method (Fig. 4 a–c).…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Semiconductor Heterojunction Photocatalysis and The Separation Of Electron–hole Pairsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“… Fig. 4 a The degradation mechanism and charge-transfer pathway of BiFeO 3/ TiO 2: p-n heterojunction system occurred between BiFeO 3 and TiO 2. b and c Scanning electron microscopy images of BiFeO 3/ TiO 2 p-n heterojunction (Reprinted with permission of Elsevier from Liao et al 2020 ). d and e Scanning electron microscopy images and f preparation process of Ag 2 O/Ta 3 N 5 p-n heterojunction (Reprinted with permission of Elsevier from Li et al 2017 ).…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Semiconductor Heterojunction Photocatalysis and The Separation Of Electron–hole Pairsmentioning
Antibiotic pollution is a major health issue inducing antibiotic resistance and the inefficiency of actual drugs, thus calling for improved methods to clean water and wastewater. Here we review the recent development of heterojunction photocatalysis and application in degrading tetracycline. We discuss mechanisms for separating photogenerated electron–hole pairs in different heterojunction systems such as traditional, p–n, direct Z-scheme, step-scheme, Schottky, and surface heterojunction. Degradation pathways of tetracycline during photocatalysis are presented. We compare the efficiency of tetracycline removal by various heterojunctions using quantum efficiency, space time yield, and figures of merit. Implications for the treatment of antibiotic-contaminated wastewater are discussed.
“… 49 This work is better than BiFeO 3 /TiO 2 of 72% (ref. 50 ) and In 2 S 3 /InVO 4 of 71%. 51 Besides, the dosage ( W cat /TC) of Cu 3 P/SnO 2 -3 was 25 mg mg −1 , which was the minimum around the rest 5 types of catalysts around 50–100 mg mg −1 .…”
“…Liao et al (Liao et al, 2021) prepared a binary p-n junction using BiFeO 3 /TiO 2 catalyst, and reported a (72.2%) tetracycline degradation efficiency after 180 min. This catalyst is composed of p-type and n-type semiconductors separated by a charged space region around the interface known as an internal electric field.…”
Section: Binary Tio 2 -Based Heterojunctionsmentioning
Sub-therapeutic levels of antibiotics (ABs) are given to animals and poultry to promote growth and reduce disease. In agricultural environments, ABs reach croplands via animal manure used as fertilizer and/or ABs-contaminated water used for irrigation. The continuous discharge of ABs into the ecosystem raises growing concerns on the ABs contamination of edible crops. Tetracyclines (TCs) are among the most widely used ABs around the world. In this review, we discuss the contamination of irrigation water with TCs, its impact on edible crops, and the potential risks of crop contamination with TCs on human health. We propose solar-mediated photocatalytic degradation using Titania (TiO2) photocatalyst as a promising method to remove TCs from irrigation water. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 can be enhanced by chemical modification to expand its activity under visible light irradiation. Herein, we aim for providing literature-based guidance on developing a visible light–active TiO2-based system to degrade TCs and other ABs in water streams. We include a summary of recent advances on this topic based on three main modification methods of Titania: metal/non-metal/mixed doping, composite formation, and heterojunction construction. Among the investigated photocatalysts, Fe2O3-TiO2/Fe-zeolite and the N-doped TiO2/rGO immobilized composite catalysts were found to be very efficient in the degradation of TCs under visible light irradiation (i.e., 98% degradation within 60 min). Most immobilized TiO2 based composite systems exhibited improved performances and hence we highlight these as efficient, cost effective and ecofriendly photocatalysts for the degradation of TCs in irrigation water.
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