Enhanced performance of chitosan/keratin membranes with potential application in peripheral nerve repair

Carvalho, Cristiana; Costa, João B.; Costa, Lígia Francisca Rodrigues; Silva‐Correia, Joana; Moay, Zi Kuang; Ng, Kee Woei; Reis, Rui L.; Oliveira, Joaquím M.

doi:10.1039/c9bm01098j

Cited by 37 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Researches studying the effectiveness of chitosanbased materials for duraplasty are scarce. Furthermore, chitosan has proven efficiency in the skin and bone plastic defects that give prerequisites of its using for duraplasty grafts [16,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid composition after duraplasty with different substitutes in early and late postoperative periods (an experimental study)

et al. 2019

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Objective. To study cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes after the duraplasty with autologous fascia, collagen-based material and chitin-chitosan membrane in early and late postoperative periods.Materials and methods. Chitosan-based films were made out of 3 % solution of chitosan for the research. We used 200 kDa chitosan (deacetylation rate 80-90 %) to produce chitin-chitosan membrane by using solvent evaporation method. For enhancing mechanical properties and reducing the degradation, chitin particles were added to the chitosan solution. Chitosan and chitin ratio was 80/20. The chitin/chitosan solution in Petri dishes was being dried out during 3 days at room temperature.Cerebrospinal fluid composition has been studied after the duraplasty with autofascia, collagen-based material and innovative chitosan-based graft in early and late postoperative periods. The duraplasty was performed by applying these materials to 90 Chinchilla rabbits breed. Animals were divided into three groups: I group -duraplasty using the fascia lata autograft, II group -duraplasty with the collagen-based material, III group -duraplasty using the chitin-chitosan membrane. The animals in the II and III groups were divided into 2 subgroups: A -plasty without fixing the material, B -plasty with fixing the material using atraumatic suture. CSF composition was studied before and after the operation had been performed in 2 weeks, 2 and 6 months. Results.The results of our study demonstrated the increase in density and protein level, the decrease in рН and glucose level and the extreme increase of cells, mostly neutrophils after the use of fascia lata for dural closure. At the same time, there were no substantial changes after dural closure with artificial collagen-and chitosan-based materials, the CSF composition normalized in 2 months after operation.Conclusion. The use of autologous fascia for duraplasty leads to an acute response of the cerebrospinal fluid in the early postoperative period and to residual pleocytosis. The chitosan-based graft application was followed by no complications at 6 months after surgery and only slight CSF response in the early postoperative period. There wasn't any significant difference in CSF composition in chitosan-and the collagen-based material usage. Given the lack of changes in SCF tests between suture and no suture graft fixation except for a slight increase in erythrocyte number in the early postoperative period, the choice of material fixation method is entirely dependent on the clinical situation and does not affect the cerebrospinal fluid state.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid composition after duraplasty with different substitutes in early and late postoperative periods (an experimental study)

et al. 2019

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“…There is also a long history of surgical repair via autologous nerve bridges and via a wide variety of conduits that include acellular allografts [61][62][63][64]. Other important surgical procedures in practice are (1) the nerve transfer of either a redundant proximal nerve stump or dissected fascicles of a functioning nerve to a denervated distal stump to restore function [65][66][67][68][69] and (2) the transfer of tendons to assist lost movements [70].…”

Section: Promising Strategies To Improve Nerve Regenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and Muscle Reinnervation

Gordon

2020

IJMS

190

144

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Injured peripheral nerves but not central nerves have the capacity to regenerate and reinnervate their target organs. After the two most severe peripheral nerve injuries of six types, crush and transection injuries, nerve fibers distal to the injury site undergo Wallerian degeneration. The denervated Schwann cells (SCs) proliferate, elongate and line the endoneurial tubes to guide and support regenerating axons. The axons emerge from the stump of the viable nerve attached to the neuronal soma. The SCs downregulate myelin-associated genes and concurrently, upregulate growth-associated genes that include neurotrophic factors as do the injured neurons. However, the gene expression is transient and progressively fails to support axon regeneration within the SC-containing endoneurial tubes. Moreover, despite some preference of regenerating motor and sensory axons to “find” their appropriate pathways, the axons fail to enter their original endoneurial tubes and to reinnervate original target organs, obstacles to functional recovery that confront nerve surgeons. Several surgical manipulations in clinical use, including nerve and tendon transfers, the potential for brief low-frequency electrical stimulation proximal to nerve repair, and local FK506 application to accelerate axon outgrowth, are encouraging as is the continuing research to elucidate the molecular basis of nerve regeneration.

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“…Fannon et al demonstrated that the aggregation and differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells encapsulated in an alginate scaffold, could achieve aggregates similar to embryonic stem cells in the standard environment [ 32 ]. Keratin-derived nerve scaffolds can also effectively repair 4-mm tibial nerve defects in mice and 10–15 mm sciatic nerve defects in rats [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. In addition to alginate and keratin, silk fibroin is also widely used in biological scaffolds, and stem cells on silk fibroin scaffolds can be induced faster, and promote axonal regeneration.…”

Section: Natural Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications in Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2021

Molecules

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The nervous system is a significant part of the human body, and peripheral nerve injury caused by trauma can cause various functional disorders. When the broken end defect is large and cannot be repaired by direct suture, small gap sutures of nerve conduits can effectively replace nerve transplantation and avoid the side effect of donor area disorders. There are many choices for nerve conduits, and natural materials and synthetic polymers have their advantages. Among them, the nerve scaffold should meet the requirements of good degradability, biocompatibility, promoting axon growth, supporting axon expansion and regeneration, and higher cell adhesion. Polymer biological scaffolds can change some shortcomings of raw materials by using electrospinning filling technology and surface modification technology to make them more suitable for nerve regeneration. Therefore, polymer scaffolds have a substantial prospect in the field of biomedicine in future. This paper reviews the application of nerve conduits in the field of repairing peripheral nerve injury, and we discuss the latest progress of materials and fabrication techniques of these polymer scaffolds.

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Enhanced performance of chitosan/keratin membranes with potential application in peripheral nerve repair

Abstract: In this work, the physicochemical and biological effect of incorporating human hair extracted keratin in 5% degree of acetylation chitosan membranes and its possible use as a guided tissue regeneration-based membrane were investigated.

Cited by 37 publications

References 72 publications

Cerebrospinal fluid composition after duraplasty with different substitutes in early and late postoperative periods (an experimental study)

Cerebrospinal fluid composition after duraplasty with different substitutes in early and late postoperative periods (an experimental study)

Peripheral Nerve Regeneration and Muscle Reinnervation

Polymer Scaffolds for Biomedical Applications in Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction

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