Enhanced multiferroic properties of sono-synthesized BiFeO3 nanoceramics by co-doping of Sm and Mn elements

Structural, optical and electrical properties of multiferroic BiFe1-xNixO3 ceramic

“…In multiferroic system, a coupling of at least two or all three of antiferroelectricity, antiferromagnetism and ferroelectricity characteristic are observed in the same phase [1][2][3]. The existence of both ferroelectric, ferromagnetism and elasticity in such a system will provide more degree of freedom in the field of new functional sensors and actuators [1,4,5]. BiFeO 3 represents one of such set of perovskite multiferroics family which has a ferroelectricity phase with cure temperature (T c ) that is around 820-850°C [6,7] and has an antiferromagnetic transition (T N ) around 370-380°C [6,8].…”

Enhanced Magnetic Properties of BiFeO3 Thin Films by Doping: Analysis of Structure and Morphology

“…The shifting of XRD peaks to the right in Figure 2 b indicates the substitution of Mn and Ho into the Fe and Bi sites relative to the cubic perovskite parent structure, respectively. This phenomenon indicates that substitution induces lattice contraction, which can be attributed to the smaller sizes of holmium (R Ho 3+ , 1.015 Å) than that of the bismuth (R Bi 3+ , 1.08 Å) and the smaller sizes of manganese (R Mn 2+ , 0.67 Å and R Mn 3+ , 0.58 Å) than that of iron (R Fe 2+ , 0.76 Å and R Fe 3+ , 0.64 Å) ion [ 25 , 28 ]. See Figure 2 c,d for changes in lattice parameters and cell volumes as the function of doping concentration.…”

“…As the neighbor of the surrounding Fe ions, the Mn ions do not eliminate the magnetic spin of the Fe sublattice but can help improve the degree of spin canting of the surroundings in a way, thus enhancing the magnetization [ 24 ]. Above all, the coexistence of Fe 3+ and Mn 2+ ions causes a ferromagnetic Fe 3+ –O 2− –Mn 2+ super-exchange interaction [ 13 , 28 ]. This mechanism has three main influencing factors: the Fe 3+ –O 2− –Mn 2+ distance, the number of Fe 3+ –Mn 2+ magnetic ion pairs and the number of oxygen ions as the Fe 3+ –O 2− –Mn 2+ interaction medium [ 30 ].…”

“…Song et al observed that the remnant magnetization (Mr) of Bi 0.9 Ho 0.1 FeO 3 sample is nearly 35 times as large as that of BFO ceramics by rapid liquid phase sintering [ 27 ]. And we noted that, the advantage of Mn doped BFO lies in that Mn possesses magnetic activity and the multivalent states of Mn ions enable the crystal to compensate for the charge [ 28 ]. Early studies on Mn 4+ ions-doped BFO bulk materials showed Mn 4+ ions substitution at Fe sites changed both the structural and electronic structures, which results in a phase transition and an increase in magnetization.…”

Structural transition and magnetic properties of Mn doped Bi0.88Sm0.12FeO3 ceramics

“…13,[21][22][23] To date, numerous attempts have been made to study the effects of Sm and Mn substitution on the crystal structure and on the ferroelectric and magnetic properties of BFO multiferroic. [24][25][26][27][28] However, these reports do not provide a clear understanding of the correlation between the coexistence phase and the ferroelectric/ferromagnetic properties of Mn doping on Bi 1Ày Sm y FeO 3 compounds. For instance, Zhou et al reported the crystal structure and multiferroic properties of Bi 1Ày Sm y -Fe 0.95 Mn 0.05 O 3 (y ¼ 0.08 and 0.16) ceramics.…”