Enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers nanocomposites for application in bipolar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Ramírez-Herrera, Claudia Angélica; Tellez-Cruz, M.M.; Perez‐González, José; Solorza‐Feria, O.; Flores‐Vela, A.; Cabañas-Moreno, J. Gerardo

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.04.125

Cited by 38 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…From the results of the corrosion resistance tests, I-CBP and C-CBP were found to meet DOE requirements. Since the corrosion current density was calculated using the surface area of the sample as a constant, when there are many defects and cracks on the surface of the sample, the actual contact area between the sample and the corrosion solution increases, resulting in an increase in the corrosion current [ 61 , 62 ]. The in situ deposited MWCNTs filled the defects and thus reduced the corrosion current density, while the agglomerated particles of C-CBPs are inherently porous and sparse in structure, which also led to an increase in the porosity of BPs and thus had less effect on reducing the corrosion current density than I-CBPs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Performance of Composite Bipolar Plates for PEMFC Modified by Homogeneously Dispersed Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks Prepared by In Situ Chemical Deposition

Xie

Qiu

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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Composite bipolar plates with excellent performance play a crucial role in improving the overall performance of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells. However, for graphite/resin composite bipolar plates, their electrical conductivity and mechanical properties are often too complex to meet the needs of users at the same time. Although nanoconductive fillers can alleviate this problem, the performance improvement for composite bipolar plates is often limited due to problems such as agglomeration. In this study, a uniformly dispersed multi-walled carbon nanotube network was prepared by in situ vapor deposition on the surface and pores of expanded graphite, which effectively avoided the problem of agglomeration and effectively improved the various properties of the composite BPs through the synergistic effect with graphite. With the addition of 2% in situ deposited carbon nanotubes, the modified composite bipolar plate has the best conductivity (334.53 S/cm) and flexural strength (50.24 MPa), and all the properties can meet the DOE requirements in 2025. Using the in situ deposition of carbon nanotubes to modify composite bipolar plates is a feasible route because it can result in multi-walled carbon nanotubes in large quantities and avoid the agglomeration phenomenon caused by adding nanofillers. It can also significantly improve the performance of composite bipolar plates, achieving the high performance of composite bipolar plates at a lower cost.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Performance of Composite Bipolar Plates for PEMFC Modified by Homogeneously Dispersed Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks Prepared by In Situ Chemical Deposition

Xie

Qiu

et al. 2023

Nanomaterials

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“…The increase in conductivity with graphite wt% can be attributed to the formation of more conducting networks as the graphite concentration increased, in spite of less conductivity. A further increase in graphite wt% to boost conductivity, however, affects the mechanical strength of the FFPs 101 …”

Section: Carbon Polymer Matrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A further increase in graphite wt% to boost conductivity, however, affects the mechanical strength of the FFPs. 101 In research by Ramírez-Herrera et al (2021), PP-based FFP with MWCNT combined with CF was investigated. The incorporation of up to 20 wt% MWCNT in the PP matrix produces enhancements of 71%, 47%, 56%, and 30% in micro hardness, elastic modulus, and tensile and flexural strength, respectively.…”

Section: Polypropylenementioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer based flow field plates for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and the scope of additive manufacturing: A techno‐economic review

Madheswaran

Jayakumar

Velu

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Flow field plate (FFP) is an integral polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack component that has multifunctional applications, such as facilitation of the reactant flow, transfer current from cell‐to‐cell, heat dissipation and product water removal. The conventional FFPs are made of graphite or metals, with their limitations, such as low corrosion resistance, heavyweight, high‐cost and complex manufacturability, which hinders the commercialization of PEMFCs. On the contrary, polymer composites are lightweight and low‐cost materials with good anti‐corrosion attributes. It is also evident that polymer composites are the primary choice of material in a wide range of additive manufacturing (AM) processes, given their unique attributes such as design freedom, the capability to fabricate intricate flow channel geometry and minimize material wastage. However, incorporating the AM process for FFP design involves substantial challenges and consequently the present paper performs a comprehensive review on the diverse literature limited to polymer composite FFPs developed in recent years (2011–2021) with an intention of providing a holistic insight on development of cost‐effective, high‐strength‐weight FFPs. The review also provides the prospectus of applying AM technology for fabricating polymer‐based composites for FFP applications. Finally, a holistic meta‐analysis is performed on strength and weakness of using polymer composite FFP, and the outlook is summarized.

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“…As a new carbon nanomaterial with excellent conductivity and mechanical properties [18], carbon nanotubes can significantly improve the conductivity, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of thermoplastic resins [19,20]. The properties of composites can also be improved by modifying the matrix of composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube/continuous carbon fiber/metallocene polypropylene composites

Tan

Guo²,

Tan

et al. 2022

Mater. Res. Express

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In this work, a high fluidity polypropylene prepared with the metallocene catalyst (mPP) was used as matrix, carbon nanotube (CNT) and continuous carbon fiber (CCF) were added to prepare composites, and their mechanical properties, melting and crystallization behavior were investigated. In the mechanical properties, the effects of tension force in the preparation process and compatibilizer maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) on the tensile strength of the composites were researched. The results show that the tensile strength of the composites increases first and then decreases with the increase of tractive force. In addition, the melting and crystallization behaviors and dynamic mechanical behaviors of mPP, CNT/mPP and CNT/CCF/mPP composites were characterized and studied by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA). The results show that the melting point (Tm ), crystallization temperature (Tc ) and storage modulus (E') of CNT/mPP are all increased by adding 1wt% CNT, especially the Tc is increased by 8.8 ºC. It shows that after CNT was added to mPP as inorganic carbon material, it plays a prominent role in heterogeneous nucleation. After CCF was composited with CNT/mPP, the composites with CCF content of 30 and 42wt% were prepared, and their Tm , Tc , crystallinity (Xc ) and E' were all improved, especially E' was greatly improved, such as the initial E' was increased by 5.64 and 11.74 times. Even at the end of the curve, the E' of the composites with CF is still significantly higher than that of mPP and CNT/mPP. It indicates that adding CCF will greatly improved the deformation resistance and load deformation temperature of mPP.

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Enhanced mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of polypropylene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes/carbon nanofibers nanocomposites for application in bipolar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 38 publications

References 89 publications

Improved Performance of Composite Bipolar Plates for PEMFC Modified by Homogeneously Dispersed Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks Prepared by In Situ Chemical Deposition

Improved Performance of Composite Bipolar Plates for PEMFC Modified by Homogeneously Dispersed Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Networks Prepared by In Situ Chemical Deposition

Polymer based flow field plates for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell and the scope of additive manufacturing: A techno‐economic review

Crystallization and mechanical properties of carbon nanotube/continuous carbon fiber/metallocene polypropylene composites

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