Enhanced, Low-Resistivity Pay, Reservoir Exploration and Delineation with the Latest Multicomponent Induction Technology Integrated with NMR, Nuclear, and Borehole Image Measurements

Fanini, Otto; Kriegshäuser, Berthold; Mollison, R.A.; Schön, Jürgen H.; Yu, Liming

doi:10.2118/69447-ms

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…We generated templates as a function of laminated shale in R v -R v /R h attributes space (Figure 1). This type of template was introduced by Klein et al (1997) and Fanini et al (2001) in the R h -R v attribute space. The R v /R h ratio is a useful measurement for determining the level of anisotropy (Anderson et al 2005), therefore, we modified Klein plots using R v -R v /R h attributes space.…”

Section: Mehtod and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical and horizontal resistivity analysis by an electrical anisotropy template

Hossain

Newton

2014

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014

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Analysis of electrically anisotropic reservoirs has been challenging with traditional petrophysical analysis. Several techniques were proposed as a framework for using graphical cross-plots to evaluate shaly-sand reservoirs. However, there has never been a clear workflow to define shale laminations and shale anisotropy. In this study, we incorporate a depth-dependent Thomas-Stieber model to describe the shale laminations. From the vertical and horizontal resistivity, an electrical anisotropy template was built in conjunction with the modified Thomas-Stieber

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Section: Mehtod and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical and horizontal resistivity analysis by an electrical anisotropy template

Hossain

Newton

2014

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2014

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“…All current models for doing this (Mollison et al 2001 andHayden et al 2009) and allowing for shale microscopic anisotropy are generally of the form: All current models for doing this (Mollison et al 2001 andHayden et al 2009) and allowing for shale microscopic anisotropy are generally of the form:…”

Section: Laminated Sand-shale Sequences Interpretation Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Again, the general approach for doing this (Mollison et al 2001 andHayden et al 2009) is to use the following equation: In the previous section, we discussed how R sand and V lam can be obtained.…”

Section: A) Isotropic Sand -Isotropic Shale B) Isotropic Sand -Anisotmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resistivity anisotropy occurs from alternating thin beds or laminations of differing resistivity, where the individual bed thicknesses are less than the resolution of the resistivity tools (Klein 1993). 1) illustrates the three cases of macroscopic anisotropy determined by the sediment structure and texture (Fanini et al 2001). These properties will have different values depending on the direction of the measurements with maximum anisotropy occurring when measured parallel and perpendicular to the bedding planes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Minimising the Uncertainty in Laminated Shaly Sand Evaluation Using MCI-NMR-OMRI Technologies: A Case Study in Offshore Terengganu, Malay Basin

et al. 2014

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Micro and macroscopic-anisotropic reservoir characterization has, recently, been dealt with by two main approaches, 1) applying the Thomas-Stieber technique on uniaxial resistivity, or 2) applying the Tensor Model technique using multicomponent induction measurements.The output from either technique is sand resistivity (R Sand ) and sand volume (V Sand ) with accurate water saturation (Sw) as a result of overcoming the effect of laminated shale on the resistivity measurement which will, eventually, translate into an enhanced hydrocarbon recovery and optimized reservoir development.Some of the key challenges in both techniques are the proper understanding of total porosity and volume and the distribution of shale in the reservoir in terms of laminated and dispersed forms which if used in error will increase the uncertainty on processing results drastically. Additionally, the dependence of fluid density on saturation and the dependence of the saturation and cementation exponents (m and n) on the total porosity as well as the silty nature of the sand all add to the complexity.The use of Oil Mud Resistivity Imager and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance logs as well as elemental analysis (if available) helped in confirming the laminated nature of the shale in the reservoir, minimizing the uncertainty in estimating total porosity and calculating clay-bound water (CBW). They also helped in accounting for the presence of silt-size sand.This paper provides a complete rock model and a comprehensive workflow that takes into account all the necessary steps used to estimate water saturation in a thinly bedded sand-shale sequence, where both laminated and dispersed shale types can exist.Also, the paper presents a simple sensitivity analysis done to understand the uncertainty of the processing parameters and estimated volumetrics on the results when using different techniques as compared to the proposed technique in this study.Data used in this paper are from a well drilled in the Malay Basin, offshore Malaysia.

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Definitive Petrophysical Evaluation of Thin Hydrocarbon Reservoir Sequences

Majid¹,

Worthington²

2012

SPE Reservoir Evaluation &Amp; Engineering

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SummaryThe petrophysical evaluation of thinly-bedded sand/shale sequences is strongly dependent on the way in which layered and dispersed shales are taken into account. There are two underpinning issues: the recognition of thin bed geometries and the estimation of shale content from lithology logs. The first of these is managed through a scenario approach, whereby different downhole scenarios are set out according to specified ranges of bed thickness. Each range has its own interpretation protocol. The second issue relates to the inherent overestimation of clay-mineral volume fraction by shale indicators and its impact on the petrophysical evaluation of thinly-bedded sand porosity. This shortcoming is managed by applying a validated scaling factor to log-derived estimates of shale volume fraction so that these become workable estimates of clay-mineral fraction for the porosity evaluation of sand layers. Both these problems become more acute for thinner beds. These two key issues are addressed conjunctively through interpretive workflows, each of which relates to a discrete range of bed thickness and uses fit-for-purpose petrophysical data sets. In particular, the multicomponent induction log is adopted as a pivotal technology for the evaluation of sand resistivity within thinly-bedded sand/shale sequences. The objective is to achieve a sound petrophysical interpretation for each downhole situation. Therefore, groundtruthing through core data is advocated where this allows the shale problem to be managed better. The outcome is a systematic approach to thin-bed evaluation, based on prescribed data inputs that optimize project effectiveness. The benefits are illustrated through case histories that demonstrate a securable upside in projected hydrocarbon volumes.

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Enhanced, Low-Resistivity Pay, Reservoir Exploration and Delineation with the Latest Multicomponent Induction Technology Integrated with NMR, Nuclear, and Borehole Image Measurements

Abstract: TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435.

Cited by 4 publications

References 15 publications

Vertical and horizontal resistivity analysis by an electrical anisotropy template

Vertical and horizontal resistivity analysis by an electrical anisotropy template

Minimising the Uncertainty in Laminated Shaly Sand Evaluation Using MCI-NMR-OMRI Technologies: A Case Study in Offshore Terengganu, Malay Basin

Definitive Petrophysical Evaluation of Thin Hydrocarbon Reservoir Sequences

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