Enhanced lignin extraction from different species of oil palm biomass: Kinetics and optimization of extraction conditions

Rashid, Tazien; Gnanasundaram, Nirmala; Appusamy, Arunagiri; Kait, Chong Fai; Murugesan, Thanabalan

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.02.056

Cited by 62 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 71 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The peak at 8.133 ppm revealed the presence of aromatic protons in guaiacyl (G) and syringyl (S) units and 6.524–6.826 ppm aromatic protons in the syringyl-propane units verify the presence of the main monomers of lignin in the sample. Furthermore, the stronger signal at 6.8 ppm relative to that at 7.0 ppm indicates that the lignin contained more syringyl than guaiacyl monomers [27,28]. Other peaks were detected at (1) 7.792–7.868 ppm ortho-hydrogen within the carbonyl groups; (2) peak at 4.898 ppm β-H within the β-O-4 linkages; (3) 2.18–2.216 ppm phenolic protons in lignin; (4) 1.272 ppm and 0.861–0.895 ppm methylene and methyl groups respectively within the lignin side chains; as well as (5) 2.500–2.216 ppm protons in the solvent (DMSO-d6) [22,26,29,30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Compatibility of Organosolv Lignin-Graphene Nanoplatelets with Photo-Curable Polyurethane in Stereolithography 3D Printing

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, lignin has been extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibers via an organosolv process. The organosolv lignin obtained was defined by the presence of hydroxyl-containing molecules, such as guaiacyl and syringyl, and by the presence of phenolic molecules in lignin. Subsequently, the extracted organosolv lignin and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) were utilized as filler and reinforcement in photo-curable polyurethane (PU), which is used in stereolithography 3D printing. The compatibility as well as the characteristic and structural changes of the composite were identified through the mechanical properties of the 3D-printed composites. Furthermore, the tensile strength of the composited lignin and graphene shows significant improvement as high as 27%. The hardness of the photo-curable PU composites measured by nanoindentation exhibited an enormous improvement for 0.6% of lignin-graphene at 92.49 MPa with 238% increment when compared with unmodified PU.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Compatibility of Organosolv Lignin-Graphene Nanoplatelets with Photo-Curable Polyurethane in Stereolithography 3D Printing

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(LCC) bond effectively without leaving the CH 2 linkage on the lignin structure. The β-O-4 structures in the lignin are shown between 5.9-6.6 ppm and the active proton at C5 position was also observed at signal around 6.96 ppm (Li et al, 2018;Hussin et al, 2013;Rashid et al, 2018). The presence of signals between 6.0 and 8.9 ppm indicates the presence of aromatic protons in the lignin's unit (Rashid, et al, 2018).…”

Section: Ft-ir Spectra For Microwave-assisted Acetosolv Lignin In Thementioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of Catalysts on the Yield and Properties of Lignin From Microwaveassisted Acetosolv Extraction of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibres

Nor¹,

Rasidi²,

Salim³

et al. 2020

JOPR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acetosolv is an enhancement organosolv technique utilising acetic acid as solvent and produces high purity of lignin. However, the limitation of this technique in the conventional heating method is the high energy consumption during a long reaction time. Therefore, the employment of microwave is used to overcome this limitation with the expectation of a lower power consumption and short reaction time. In this study, three types of catalysts, sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4) , aluminium choride (AlCl 3), and chromium nitrate [Cr(NO 3) 3 ] were used to investigate the lignin extraction performance and its properties from microwave-assisted acetosolv (MWA) treatment of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). The highest yields of lignin (76.98%) were obtained using an aqueous solution of acetic acid combined with 3.0% of H 2 SO 4 under 110°C for 30 min. Meanwhile, AlCl 3 performed almost similar to H 2 SO 4 , providing lignin yield of 71.57% at the highest temperature of 110°C. The usage of microwave-assisted technique also produces a high yield and high purity of lignin. It is also proven that AlCl 3 can be a substitute to Bronsted acid for lignin extraction. However, Cr(NO 3) 3 was found not suitable for the lignin's extraction despite having a high potential for cellulose extraction.

show abstract

“…However, other crops are also prominent, such as wheat, cassava, rice, banana, and oil palm. Processing these crops generates large amounts of solid residues, including in‐field or agricultural residues (straw, leaves, and foliage) and agro‐industrial processing residues (bagasse, bunches, and shells) with diverse composition and volume (Table ) …”

Section: The Agro‐industrial Residues In South Americamentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignocellulosic biomass from agro‐industrial residues in South America: current developments and perspectives

Magalhães

Carvalho

Pereira

et al. 2019

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

South America is a pivotal supplier of agricultural commodities for a growing world population. This large-scale production generates a substantial amount of lignocellulosic residue. Inadequate disposal of this material can lead to putrefaction and leaching, and can attract insects and rodents. Solid residues can be treated by incineration or composting -both causing greenhouse gas emissions. Biotransformation of lignocellulosic residues into valuable products has been proposed as a more sophisticated alternative to burning. However, pretreatment steps are necessary to obtain fermentable sugars for biological or thermochemical transformation into value-added products. In this review, we noted trends in lignocellulosic biomass generation and potential uses, with special attention to the procedures necessary for the generation of fermented products and bio-oil. This survey pointed out that sugarcane bagasse, cereal straws, bananas, and oil-palm biomass can generate about 900 million tonnes of biomass by 2025. Based on production data from several researchers it was estimated that these raw materials have the potential for annual production of more than 550 million tonnes of fermentable sugars (i.e., glucose and xylose), 670 million tonnes of bio-oil, or 4000 TWh of thermal energy. We describe procedures and strategies for the conversion of these residues to produce higher value-added biomolecules and to promote more sustainable application of lignocellulosic biomass

show abstract

Enhanced lignin extraction from different species of oil palm biomass: Kinetics and optimization of extraction conditions

Cited by 62 publications

References 71 publications

Evaluation of the Compatibility of Organosolv Lignin-Graphene Nanoplatelets with Photo-Curable Polyurethane in Stereolithography 3D Printing

Evaluation of the Compatibility of Organosolv Lignin-Graphene Nanoplatelets with Photo-Curable Polyurethane in Stereolithography 3D Printing

Effect of Catalysts on the Yield and Properties of Lignin From Microwaveassisted Acetosolv Extraction of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibres

Lignocellulosic biomass from agro‐industrial residues in South America: current developments and perspectives

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About