Enhanced layer of black carbon in a north Indian industrial city

Tripathi, S. N.; Dey, Sagnik; Tare, Vinod; Satheesh, S. K.; Lal, Shyam; Venkataramani, S.

doi:10.1029/2005gl022564

Cited by 65 publications

(67 citation statements)

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“…Retrievals in Kanpur (and Gandhi College located also in Indo-Gangetic Plain, retrievals not shown) give relatively high absorbing OC concentrations for October-December period, when very high biomass burning (BB) occurs in this season (Tripathi et al, 2005a;Ganguly et al, 2009). Surface measurements of OC (Ram et al, 2010) in Kanpur, taking a boundary layer thickness of about 1 km (Tripathi et al, 2005b) and assuming that most OC reside within boundary layer, give a columnar OC of 38 mg m −2 for OctoberDecember which is somewhat higher than predicted by the present retrieval, moreover their data show highest OC in December, while our retrieval gives highest absorbing OC amount for November. The retrieved OC concentrations in some areas that are affected strongly also by urban pollution (e.g.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 46%

Inferring absorbing organic carbon content from AERONET data

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Black carbon, light-absorbing organic carbon (often called "brown carbon") and mineral dust are the major light-absorbing aerosols. Currently the sources and formation of brown carbon aerosol in particular are not well understood. In this study we estimated the amount of light-absorbing organic carbon and black carbon from AERONET measurements. We find that the columnar absorbing organic carbon (brown carbon) levels in biomass burning regions of South America and Africa are relatively high (about 15-20 mg m −2 during biomass burning season), while the concentrations are significantly lower in urban areas in US and Europe. However, we estimated significant absorbing organic carbon amounts from the data of megacities of newly industrialized countries, particularly in India and China, showing also clear seasonality with peak values up to 30-35 mg m −2 during the coldest season, likely caused by the coal and biofuel burning used for heating. We also compared our retrievals with the modeled organic carbon by the global Oslo CTM for several sites. Model values are higher in biomass burning regions than AERONET-based retrievals, while the opposite is true in urban areas in India and China.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 46%

Inferring absorbing organic carbon content from AERONET data

et al. 2011

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“…Annually, this region has a long dry season (Nov-May) when air pollutants accumulate, notably on the southern side of the Himalayan Mountains. The so-called "Atmospheric Brown Cloud (ABC)", a 3 kmthick brownish layer of pollutants, has been detected extending from the Indian Ocean to the Himalayas (Tripathi et al, 2005;Ramanathan et al, 2007). The aerosols that gather in the foothills can be lifted to high altitudes Qiu, 2013) and can even travel across the high Himalayas and reach the Tibetan Plateau (TP) (Bonasoni, 2008;Xia et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2015a;Cong et al, 2015;Lüthi et al, 2015), thus affecting the atmospheric quality and causing environmental risks in the high and remote regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies of elements and carbonaceous particle concentrations have already been carried out in this region (Tripathi et al, 2005;Bonasoni et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Particulate-Phase Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Atmosphere over the Central Himalayas

Chen

Kang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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PAH concentrations were measured in total suspended particle (TSP) samples collected from six sites along two southnorth transects across the central Himalayas from April 2013 to March 2014. The annual average TSP and PAH (especially 5-and 6-ring compounds) concentrations were found to decrease noticeably northwards along both transects. At rural and urban sites, the TSP and PAH concentrations showed clear seasonal variations, with the lower concentrations around the mid-monsoon season and the higher values in the winter season. Meanwhile, at the remote sites (e.g., Nyalam and Zhongba), these pollutants generally remained constant throughout the year but with relatively higher levels during the pre-monsoon season. Both IndP/(IndP + BghiP) and Fla/(Fla + Pyr) ratios suggested that atmospheric PAHs from urban and rural sites were mainly associated with emissions from biomass burning, coal burning and petroleum combustion. However, the contribution of biomass burning increased at remote sites. Similar compositions of PAHs were found at three remote sites located on both sides of the Himalayas (Jomsom, Zhongba, and Nyalam), suggesting that the northern side of the Himalayas may be affected by anthropogenic emissions from the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) via long-range atmospheric transport. This work provides a database of PAHs in central Himalayas for further assessing environmental risk of air pollution in the remote regions.

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“…Over south Asia, the Indo-Gangetic plain is recognized as an especially densely populated region and thus as a potentially strong source region of anthropogenic aerosols (Tripathi et al, 2005;Ram et al, 2010). The Himalaya Mountain range exists over the northern part of these highly populated and industrialized areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations of water-soluble organic carbon, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls in Central Himalayan aerosols

Hegde

Kawamura

2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosol samples were collected from a high elevation mountain site (Nainital, India; 1958 m a.s.l.) in the central Himalayas, a location that provides an isolated platform above the planetary boundary layer to better understand the composition of the remote continental troposphere. The samples were analyzed for water-soluble dicarboxylic acids (C 2 -C 12 ) and related compounds (ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls), as well as organic carbon, elemental carbon and water soluble organic carbon. The contributions of total dicarboxylic acids to total aerosol carbon during wintertime were 1.7 % and 1.8 %, for day and night, respectively whereas they were significantly smaller during summer. Molecular distributions of diacids revealed that oxalic (C 2 ) acid was the most abundant species followed by succinic (C 4 ) and malonic (C 3 ) acids. The average concentrations of total diacids (433±108 ng m −3 ), ketoacids (48±23 ng m −3 ), and α-dicarbonyls (9±4 ng m −3 ) were similar to those from large Asian cities such as Tokyo, Beijing and Hong Kong. During summer most of the organic species were several times more abundant than in winter. Phthalic acid, which originates from oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene, was found to be 7 times higher in summer than winter. This feature has not been reported before in atmospheric aerosols. Based on molecular distributions and air mass backward trajectories, we conclude that dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in Himalayan aerosols are derived from anthropogenic activities in the highly populated Indo-Gangetic plain areas.

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Enhanced layer of black carbon in a north Indian industrial city

Cited by 65 publications

References 10 publications

Inferring absorbing organic carbon content from AERONET data

Inferring absorbing organic carbon content from AERONET data

Characteristics of Particulate-Phase Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Atmosphere over the Central Himalayas

Seasonal variations of water-soluble organic carbon, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls in Central Himalayan aerosols

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