Enhanced IgE response to Candida albicans in postoperative invasive candidiasis

Savolainen, J.; Rantala, Arto; Nermes, Merja; Lehtonen, L.; Viander, M.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2222.1996.d01-330.x

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…A diminished Th1-type immune response but an equal Th2-type immune response would explain why there was no difference between the CAM-TABM values of Candida invasion and colonization. Furthermore, the reduced IFN-␥-induced inhibition of mannan-specific IgE production in patients with invasive candidiasis would allow significant elevation of IgE levels compared with the level of Candida colonization previously noticed by Savolainen et al (44).…”

Section: Vol 13 2006 Increased Cam-tabm Levels In Invasive Candidiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CAM-specific IgG and IgM antibodies were measured as previously described by Savolainen et al (44). Briefly, the polystyrene microtiter plates (Nunclon) were coated with mannan diluted in PBS and blocked with 1% normal sheep serum in PBS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Candida albicans mannan has been used as an additional diagnostic tool with some value. Detection of mannan antigenemia (7,56) or antimannan antibodies (10,44,54), or both (46), has enhanced the ability to diagnose candidiasis, especially in blood culture-negative cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Levels ofCandida albicansMannan-Specific T-Cell-Derived Antigen Binding Molecules in Patients with Invasive Candidiasis

Kosonen

Rantala

Little

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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In addition to cytokines, CD4؉ T cells have been found to secrete soluble, T-cell-derived antigen binding molecules (TABMs). These antigen-specific immunoproteins are thought to have immunoregulatory properties in the suppression of cell-mediated immunity (CMI) because they often associate with interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor beta. Decreased CMI causes susceptibility to infections caused by organisms which are normally nonpathogenic. In this situation, e.g., Candida albicans saprophytism may develop into invasive candidiasis. The difficult diagnosis of invasive candidiasis is based on the findings obtained from blood cultures and with tissue biopsy specimens, with some additional diagnostic value gained by the detection of Candida albicans mannan antigenemia and antimannan antibodies. In the present study, Candida albicans mannan-specific TABM (CAM-TABM) levels in the sera of patients with invasive candidiasis (n ‫؍‬ 11), Candida colonization (n ‫؍‬ 11) and noncolonization (n ‫؍‬ 10), recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (n ‫؍‬ 30), and atopic eczema dermatitis syndrome (n ‫؍‬ 59) and healthy controls (n ‫؍‬ 30) were analyzed. For 14 participants, the effect of mannan stimulation on TABM production and gamma interferon (IFN-␥) and IL-4 mRNA expression by peripheral blood lymphocytes was also studied. It was demonstrated that CAM-TABM production was the highest in patients with invasive candidiasis and that CAM-TABM levels could distinguish Candida-colonized patients from noncolonized patients. In addition, the CAM-TABM level was directly related to mRNA expression for IL-4 but not IFN-␥. These results reinforce the view that TABMs are associated with decreased CMI, immunoregulation, and the T-helper cell 2-type immune response.

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Section: Vol 13 2006 Increased Cam-tabm Levels In Invasive Candidiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increased Levels ofCandida albicansMannan-Specific T-Cell-Derived Antigen Binding Molecules in Patients with Invasive Candidiasis

Kosonen

Rantala

Little

et al. 2006

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…It is generally accepted that induction of a Th1-type cellular response is crucial for the defense against C. albicans (Fidel et al, 1997;Romani, 1999;Schaller et al, 2004). In contrast, a Th2 cellular response is considered non-protective, since it induces class-switch to nonopsonizing antibody subclasses and IgE (Savolainen et al, 1996;Clemons and Stevens, 2001). Investigation of the role of Th17 in mediating the immune response has shown that Th17 memory cells are induced by Candida hyphae (Acosta-Rodriguez et al, 2007;Zhou et al, 2008), and in a murine model, IL-17AR knock-out mice had an increased susceptibility to systemic (Huang et al, 2004) and oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) (Conti et al, 2009).…”

Section: Oral Mucosal T-cell Responses To C Albicansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epithelial Cells and Innate Antifungal Defense

2010

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The human pathogenic fungus Candida albicans is the predominant cause of both superficial and invasive forms of candidiasis. Clinical observations indicate that mucocutaneous Candida infections are commonly associated with defective cell-mediated immune responses. The importance of the innate immune system as a first-line defense against pathogenic challenge has long been recognized. Over the last decade, many key molecules mediating innate host defense have been identified. Central to these developments is the discovery of pattern recognition receptors such as Toll-like receptors and C-type lectin-receptors that induce innate immune responses and also modulate cellular and humoral adaptive immunity during Candida infections. Although a large amount of information is now available in systemic infections, little is known about localized infections. We address the most relevant pattern recognition receptors and their signaling mechanisms in oral epithelial cells, to gain a better understanding of their contributions to antifungal innate immunity.

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“…These predose positive antibody concentrations are not unexpected and are due to cross-reactivity between the production strain antigen preparation and antibodies produced as part of the normal humoral response to environmental yeasts (eg, species of Candida and Saccharomyces). 16,17 In the case of the mannosylated rHA, the cross-reactivity would be due to antibodies produced to naturally occurring yeast glycoproteins and the mannose moiety on rHA that is introduced by PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS the yeast production strain. 16,18 For the majority of subjects, the levels of rHA-and HSA-specific IgG were below the limit of quantification at baseline; again, there were no relevant increases after administration (Figures 1 and 2).…”

Section: Antibody Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase I Comparability of Recombinant Human Albumin and Human Serum Albumin

Bosse

Praus²,

Kiessling

et al. 2005

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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Recombinant human albumin (rHA) is a highly purified animal-, virus-, and prion-free product developed as an alternative to human serum albumin (HSA), to which it is structurally equivalent. The present investigation compared the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of rHA with HSA. Two double-blind, randomized trials were performed in healthy volunteers using intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) administration. The IM trial included 500 volunteers, each receiving 5 repeat doses of 5 mg (100 subjects), 15 mg (100 subjects), or 65 mg (300 subjects) of rHA or HSA. Thirty volunteers participated in the IV trial, each receiving ascending doses (10 g, 20 g, and 50 g) of either rHA or HSA. In both trials, all adverse events were recorded and conventionally classified; potential allergic responses were also monitored. Blood samples were taken in both studies to test for IgG or IgE antibodies against test products and potential impurities. For the IV study, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic assessments were performed, including measurement of serum albumin, colloid osmotic pressure, and hematocrit pre- and postinfusion. Nine subjects in the IM study (4 recipients of rHA and 5 of HSA) reported drug-related, potentially allergic events; all but 2 of these were skin related. No serious or potentially allergic events were reported with either product in the IV study. There was no immunological response to either product, and dose level did not influence the study outcomes. Serum albumin, colloid osmotic pressure changes, and hematocrit ratio were as expected, with no differences between rHA and HSA. rHA and HSA exhibited similar safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles, with no evidence of any immunological response.

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Enhanced IgE response to Candida albicans in postoperative invasive candidiasis

Abstract: Critically ill patients with invasive candidiasis develop IgE antibodies to Candida antigens probably because of disturbed TH1/TH2 responses. Determination of specific IgE antibodies can be used as a diagnostic aid in the early stage of invasive Candida infection.

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Increased Levels ofCandida albicansMannan-Specific T-Cell-Derived Antigen Binding Molecules in Patients with Invasive Candidiasis

Increased Levels ofCandida albicansMannan-Specific T-Cell-Derived Antigen Binding Molecules in Patients with Invasive Candidiasis

Epithelial Cells and Innate Antifungal Defense

Phase I Comparability of Recombinant Human Albumin and Human Serum Albumin

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