Enhanced Heavy Metal Removal from Synthetic Stormwater Using Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron–Modified Biochar

Hasan, Sazadul; Geza, Mengistu; Vasquez, Raul; Chilkoor, Govinda; Gadhamshetty, Venkataramana

doi:10.1007/s11270-020-04588-w

Cited by 43 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The assumption was that BCZ would outperform both BCL and BCM [9]. However, BCL and BCM's better metal retention abilities can be attributed to the greater surface area associated with greater amounts of fine particles present in biochar, which increases physical adsorption.…”

Section: Removal Efficiencies Of Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research has expanded to inexpensive adsorbents that have an affinity for metals. For example, early research of filter materials used for the adsorption of heavy metals included peanut hulls, chitosan, zeolite, and mulch [6][7][8], and recent materials used for heavy metal removal from stormwater demonstrated great efficiencies of amino-and nZVI-modified biochar [9,[34][35][36]. Biochar-based adsorbents, including the nZVI modified form, exhibited excellent performance in removing As from water, primarily due to it having a large surface area, abundant functional groups, and favorable chemical properties for the attachment [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation

2021

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This research investigated the removal of heavy metal ions (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and metalloid (As) common to stormwater runoff onto biochar-based media arranged in multiple configurations. Laboratory scale column experiments were conducted to quantify heavy metal removal efficiencies using sand, biochar, and nZVI-modified biochar (BC-nZVI) in four media configurations: a homogeneous mixture of sand and biochar (BCM); biochar layered in sand (BCL); BC-nZVI layered in sand (BCZ); and sand as a control. An inverse modeling approach was implemented to measured moisture and experimental data to determine media hydraulic parameters (θr, θs, α, n and Ks) and adsorption coefficients. The experiment was conducted using laboratory synthesized stormwater over 200 days at a rate of 5 cm/day. BCZ exhibited an excellent removal (99%) of As due to the high attachment to nZVI, via surface complexations. Biochar with abundant surface oxygen functional groups exhibited a great (99%) removal of Cd and Zn in both BCL and BCM columns. Water contents were observed 66.0, 44.3, 41.4, and 7.2% for BCL, BCM, BCZ, and sand, respectively. The attachment coefficients varied from 21.5 to 44.9, 16.1 to 19.3, 18.8 to 26.0, and 9.6 to 19.9 L/kg for BCL, BCM, BCZ, and sand, respectively. This study’s output provides useful information for stormwater management practices.

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Section: Removal Efficiencies Of Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation

2021

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“…Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is an example of extensively applied iron nanomaterials for groundwater and hazardous waste treatment. Over the past decade, nZVI synthesis and application have been comprehensively investigated for its remediation applications focusing on enhanced sequestration of a wide spectrum of contaminants in addition to the well-documented chlorinated solvents both in the laboratory and field experiments [25,32,[35][36][37]. At least 50 successful field applications of nZVI for in-situ groundwater and soil cleanup worldwide were reported by recent reviews by Karn et al [38] and Mueller et al [39].…”

Section: Iron Oxide Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Applications of Nanoparticles in Nature and Building Materials

Ha¹

2021

Novel Nanomaterials

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Nanoparticles are assemblies of atoms in the size range less than 100 nanometers. At these length scales, the properties of particles may deviate significantly from those of the equivalent bulk material indicating that changes in physical and chemical properties of materials depend on the dimensions of the particle. The presence of mineral nanoparticles has been reported in a range of natural environments. Such nanoparticles can arise from a variety of mechanisms, including chemical weathering processes, precipitation from relatively saturated solutions in hydothermal and acid mine drainage environments, evaporation of aqueous solutions in soils, and biological formation by a variety of different microorganisms. Furthermore, recent increased applications of nanoparticles in different types of industries, including construction and building material manufacturing, have caused prevalent occurrences of different types of synthetic nanoparticles in the environment. In this chapter, a comprehensive reviews on occurrences and observations of naturally and anthropogeniccally generated nanoparticles in the environment and their characterization techniques will be discussed along with directions and suggestions for the future research topics and areas for nanomaterials.

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“…Therefore, the structural characteristics of biochar materials are optimized through physicochemical and biochemical modifications to overcome their poor adsorption of oxygen-containing ions (Zhou et al, 2020;Zheng et al, 2021). According to previous studies, the introduction of metals into a biochar material significantly enhances its anion adsorption capacity (Hasan et al, 2020;Zhang et al, 2020;Lakshmi et al, 2021). For example, loading the surface of a biochar material with La can alter the ion coordination, lower the surface electronegativity, and reduce electrostatic repulsion, and promote its adsorption of oxoacids from water (Wu et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remediation of nitrate contaminated groundwater using a simulated PRB system with an La–CTAC–modified biochar filler

Wu²,

Nie³

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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In the present study, the Erigeron canadensis L., a typical invasive plant in Southwest China, was utilized as the raw material to prepare original biochar (ECL), a rare earth element La–modified biochar (La–ECL), and a rare earth element La coupling cationic surfactant [cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC)]–modified biochar (La/CTAC–ECL). These materials were then added to simulated permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) and their nitrate (NO3−) contaminant remediation performances were evaluated in groundwater. The results show that the breakthrough time for NO3− in a simulated PRB column increases as the concentration of the influent NO3− and the flow rate decreases, whereas with the increases of filler particle size and the height of the filler in the column initially increases, and then decreases. Considering an initial NO3− concentration of 50 mg L−1, and a filler particle size range of 0.8–1.2 mm, the maximum adsorption capacity of the La/CTAC–ECL column for NO3− is 18.99 mg g−1 for a filler column height of 10 cm and an influent flow rate of 15 ml min−1. The maximum quantity of adsorbed NO3− of 372.80 mg is obtained using a filler column height of 15 cm and an influent flow rate of 10 ml min−1. The Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models accurately predict the breakthrough of NO3− in groundwater in the simulated PRB column under different conditions, and the results are consistent with those from dynamic NO3− adsorption experiments. TEM, XRD, FTIR, and XPS analyses demonstrate that the modification using the La and CTAC improves the surface structure, porosity, permeability, and configuration of functional groups of the biochar. The mechanisms of NO3− removal from groundwater using the La/CTAC–ECL include pore filling, surface adsorption, ion exchange, and electrostatic adsorption. The composite La/CTAC–ECL exhibits a superior potential for the remediation of NO3− contaminated groundwater.

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Enhanced Heavy Metal Removal from Synthetic Stormwater Using Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron–Modified Biochar

Cited by 43 publications

References 50 publications

Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation

Application of Biochar in Stormwater Treatment: Experimental and Modeling Investigation

Novel Applications of Nanoparticles in Nature and Building Materials

Remediation of nitrate contaminated groundwater using a simulated PRB system with an La–CTAC–modified biochar filler

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