Enhanced harmonic generation in C60-containing plasma plumes

Harmonic generation in laser-produced plasmas containing atoms, ions and clusters: a review

“…Among them are the studies of harmonics from clusters using the ablation of commercially available nanoparticles [42,43], fullerenes [44][45][46] and carbon nanotubes [47], resonanceenhanced features of odd and even harmonics [48], generation of extremely broadband high-order harmonics [49], application of high pulse repetition rate laser sources and ultrashort pulses for HHG in plasma plumes [32], observation of quantum path signatures in the harmonic spectra from various plasmas [33], enhancement of harmonics from in situ-produced clusters [50], development of few theoretical approaches describing the observed peculiarities of resonance-enhanced harmonics [51][52][53][54][55][56], emergence of a 'second' plateau in the harmonic distribution [57], development of the two-colour pump schemes for plasma-induced harmonics [58,59], observation of extremely strong HHG in carbon-contained plasmas [39,40], proposals for the quasi-phase matching in plasma plumes [60], observation of the attosecond nature of pulse duration of the plasma-induced harmonics [61], etc. Most of these findings will be discussed in the present review.…”

“…The important issue of these and other [30,39,40,[44][45][46][47]67] studies is why carbon-containing plasma plumes allow the generation of intense harmonics. In this and previous sections, we presented a few observations of this phenomenon.…”

Endohedral fullerenes: A way to control resonant high-order harmonic generation

“…Recently the enhancement of groups of harmonics was reported during HHG in fullerene-containing plasma plumes [2,[27][28][29]. The enhanced harmonics were observed in the range of the 13th harmonic, which was attributed to the influence of the SPR of neutral C 60 (λ SPR ∼ = 60 nm with 10 nm full width at half maximum).…”

High-order harmonic generation in carbon-nanotube-containing plasma plumes

“…An analogous technique was established earlier in the experiments with fullerene powder. In those studies [32,33], the C 60 powder was also glued using superglue on the substrate and then ablated to create the fullerene-containing plasma. Exact measurement or calculation of fullerene or CNT concentration in the ablation plume is difficult.…”