Enhanced Frequency Regulation Using Multilevel Energy Storage in Remote Area Power Supply Systems

Tan, Yingjie; Muttaqi, Kashem M.; Ciufo, Philip; Meegahapola, Lasantha; Guo, Xijuan; Chen, Bo; Chen, Haomin

doi:10.1109/tpwrs.2018.2867190

Cited by 62 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…One disadvantage of this method is that it requires measuring of the generator output power, which restricts the location of the UC or establishes the need for a communication link to transmit the measurements [21]. Reference [22] suggests integrating a multilevel storage system, composed of UCs and lead−acid batteries (LABs), into dc−side of permanent magnet SG wind farms. The UC deals with fast changing frequency by providing synthetic inertia through df /dt−based approach (which it is prone to instability [16]); whilst the LAB mimics automatic governor response.…”

Section: A Review Of Relevant Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provision of Synthetic Inertia Support for Converter-Dominated Weak Grids

Saeedian

Pournazarian

Taheri

et al. 2022

IEEE Systems Journal

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Section: A Review Of Relevant Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provision of Synthetic Inertia Support for Converter-Dominated Weak Grids

Saeedian

Pournazarian

Taheri

et al. 2022

IEEE Systems Journal

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“…Several variations of droop control have been proposed for wind generators [4,5,35,36]. Several authors argue that such approaches need to be complemented with battery storage system in the case of wind [37,38] and photovoltaic power generation [39]. Molina-García et al [40] complement wind generator PFR with PFR capable smart loads.…”

Section: Photovoltaic and Other Sources Of Renewable Power Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Virtual Power Plant Solution for Aggregating Photovoltaic Systems and Other Distributed Energy Resources for Northern European Primary Frequency Reserves

et al. 2021

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Primary frequency reserves in Northern Europe have traditionally been provided with hydro plants and fossil fuel-burning spinning reserves. Recently, smart distributed energy resources have been equipped with functionality needed to participate on frequency reserves. Key categories of such resources include photovoltaic systems, batteries, and smart loads. Most of these resources are small and cannot provide the minimum controllable power required to participate on frequency reserves. Thus, virtual power plants have been used to aggregate the resources and trade them on the frequency reserves markets. The information technology aspects of virtual power plants are proprietary and many of the details have not been made public. The first contribution of this article is to propose a generic data model and application programming interface for a virtual power plant with the above-mentioned capabilities. The second contribution is to use the application programming interface to cope with the unpredictability of the frequency reserve capacity that the photovoltaic systems and other distributed energy resources are able to provide to the frequency reserves markets in the upcoming bidding period. The contributions are demonstrated with an operational virtual power plant installation at a Northern European shopping center, aggregating photovoltaic Primary Frequency Reserves resources.

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“…As mentioned above, it is assumed in this study that virtual inertia is realised with fast responsive battery energy, and the battery chopper is equipped. Virtual inertia emulation with various energy storage is discussed, for example, in [18,21]. The other parts, such as the DC control, dq transformation, AC output filter, are all conventional and thus not discussed in this paper.…”

Section: Feasibility Of Vsm Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When β > 0 ⇔ M − 4KT > 0, the solution of (18) can be expressed as (20), and C 1 and C 2 satisfy the initial conditions of (21). Here, Δω 0 and Δω 0 are the initial values of Δω and its derivative, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for required grid‐supportive functions in grid‐tied inverters with distributed energy resources

Hirase

2019

IET Energy Systems Integration

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Grid-tied inverters have become required to equip the function that supports electrical grids stable. So-called 'smart inverters' have also been shown to provide load distribution under steady state. Similarly, other types of advanced inverters that contribute to transient grid stability have recently attracted attention. Combining a battery with an inverter not only enables the use of renewable energy (RE) regardless of time or season but also increases the system inertial and synchronising forces due to its high responsiveness. However, the use of these grid-supportive features in inverters is commonly not disclosed by manufacturers; thus, a system administrator must uniformly regulate and verify the effects. Although the requirements for smart inverters' are being established, those for advanced inverters with transient contributions have not yet been formulated. Furthermore, these requirements must confirm the transient-supportive functions regardless of the inverter control method. Therefore, this work proposes a set of guidelines for establishing these requirements based on stabilisation/disturbance theory. Furthermore, it was confirmed by simulation that inverter control satisfying these requirements can be realised, for example, by a control method that simulates a virtual inertial force.

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Enhanced Frequency Regulation Using Multilevel Energy Storage in Remote Area Power Supply Systems

Cited by 62 publications

References 20 publications

Provision of Synthetic Inertia Support for Converter-Dominated Weak Grids

Provision of Synthetic Inertia Support for Converter-Dominated Weak Grids

A Virtual Power Plant Solution for Aggregating Photovoltaic Systems and Other Distributed Energy Resources for Northern European Primary Frequency Reserves

Guidelines for required grid‐supportive functions in grid‐tied inverters with distributed energy resources

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