Enhanced flux pinning in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x superconductor with embedded carbon nanotubes

Fossheim, K.; Tuset, E.D.; Ebbesen, Thomas W.; Treacy, M.M.J.; Schwartz, J.

doi:10.1016/0921-4534(95)00382-7

Cited by 75 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…CNTs have unique mechanical, electrical, optical and thermal properties and can be used to prepare novel materials such as hydrogen storage materials, superconductors, reinforced materials, etc. [11][12][13]. The annually increasing production and utilization of this kind of nano-material will inevitably result in the introduction of CNTs to the environment [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous stability of oxidized carbon nanotubes and the precipitation by salts

Peng

Jia

Gong

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous stability of oxidized carbon nanotubes and the precipitation by salts

Peng

Jia

Gong

et al. 2009

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…[17,18] Fosshein et al report an enhanced flux pinning in Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+x superconductors with embedded CNTs. [19] Yang et al found a significant enhancement in J c (H) for high temperature superconductor by introducing nanorods as columnar pinning centers in to the composites. [20][21][22] In a previous work we reported that CNT doping enhanced J c in magnetic fields of bulk MgB 2 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Alignment of Carbon Nanotube Additives for Improved Performance of Magnesium Diboride Superconductors

et al. 2006

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The rapid progress on MgB 2 superconductor since its discovery [1] has made this material a strong competitor to low and high temperature superconductors (HTS) for applications with a great potential to catch the niche market such as in magnetic resonant imaging (MRI). Thanks to the lack of weak links and the two-gap superconductivity of MgB 2 [2,3] a number of additives have been successfully used to enhance the critical current density, J c and the upper critical field, H c2 . [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have unusually electrical, mechanical and thermal properties [13][14][15][16] and hence is an ideal component to fabricate composites for improving their performance. To take advantages of the extraordinary properties of CNTs it is important to align CNTs in the composites.Here we report a method of alignment of CNTs in the CNT/MgB 2 superconductor composite wires through a readily scalable drawing technique. The aligned CNT doped MgB 2 wires show an enhancement in magnetic J c (H) by more than an order of magnitude in high magnetic fields, compared to the undoped ones. The CNTs have also significantly enhanced the heat transfer and dissipation. CNTs have been used mainly in structural materials, but here the advantage of their use in functional composites is shown and this has wider ramifications for other functional materials.

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“…A second approach has focused on introducing defects associated with dopants, dislocations, and particles. [2][3][4] While this has achieved some success, enhancements to the transport J c of HTS wires in an applied field has not yet occurred. Finally, controlled manipulation of the oxide constitution to produce impurity phase particles in Bi-2212 5 has met with limited success.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of the 77 K irreversibility field and critical current density of (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca 2Cu3Ox tapes by manipulation of the final cooling rate

Parrell

Larbalestier

Riley

et al. 1996

Applied Physics Letters

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By manipulating the cooling rate from the final heat treatment, we have raised the 77 K, self-field critical current density (J c ) of multifilament (Bi,Pb) 2 Sr 2 Ca 2 Cu 3 O x ͑2223͒ tapes by a factor of 3, and the irreversibility field (H*) by more than 50%. The J c of samples cooled in 7.5% O 2 from their reaction temperature of 825°C increased from ϳ8 to ϳ24 kA/cm 2 and H*͑77 K͒ increased from ϳ120 to ϳ200 mT as the cooling rate was decreased from 5 to 0.016°C/min. The results unambiguously show that the flux pinning properties of 2223 tapes can be improved by simple changes in wire processing. © 1996 American Institute of Physics. ͓S0003-6951͑96͒00145-3͔Improving the J c of 2223 superconductors in an applied magnetic field provides the most direct path to broad application of high-temperature superconductor ͑HTS͒ wire. Agclad 2223 made using the powder-in-tube process is currently the most promising HTS wire technology because established processes can be used to manufacture long lengths of strongly linked material. However, in contrast to Y-and Tl-based superconductors, 2223 has relatively weak flux pinning properties above about 30 K. For this reason, use of 2223 wires in moderate to high applied fields is currently limited to low temperature.Three strategies have been used previously to improve flux pinning in Bi-based superconductors. One successful approach has been postprocessing irradiation. 1 However, although the in-field transport J c can be significantly enhanced, it is not clear to what extent this method can be applied to practical wire manufacturing. A second approach has focused on introducing defects associated with dopants, dislocations, and particles. [2][3][4] While this has achieved some success, enhancements to the transport J c of HTS wires in an applied field has not yet occurred. Finally, controlled manipulation of the oxide constitution to produce impurity phase particles in Bi-2212 5 has met with limited success. In this contribution, we show that simple modifications to the heat treatment can enhance both the zero field and the infield properties of 2223 tapes.Parrell et al. 6 have shown that the rate at which 2223 tapes are cooled after heat treatment can have a large effect on the transport J c , critical temperature (T c ) transition, and filament microstructure. They reported that slow cooling ͑Ͻ0.1°C/min͒ in 7.5% O 2 increased the J c ͑77 K, self-field͒ by as much as 50% over tapes cooled more quickly, and considerably sharpened the T c transition, despite decomposition of the 2223 phase at temperatures below the 2223 phase stability limit. This letter builds on this previous work of Parrell et al. by exploring in detail one contribution to the J c improvement. In particular, we have evaluated the flux pinning contribution by measuring the cooling rate dependence of the irreversibility field, H*.Ag-clad 85-filament samples of nominal composition Bi 1.8 Pb 0.3 Sr 1.9 Ca 2.0 Cu 3.1 O x were processed to develop a dense and aligned 2223 phase structure. The final heat treatment...

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Enhanced flux pinning in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x superconductor with embedded carbon nanotubes

Cited by 75 publications

References 13 publications

Aqueous stability of oxidized carbon nanotubes and the precipitation by salts

Aqueous stability of oxidized carbon nanotubes and the precipitation by salts

Alignment of Carbon Nanotube Additives for Improved Performance of Magnesium Diboride Superconductors

Enhancement of the 77 K irreversibility field and critical current density of (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca 2Cu3Ox tapes by manipulation of the final cooling rate

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