Enhanced Flexibility of Biodegradable Polylactic Acid/Starch Blends Using Epoxidized Palm Oil as Plasticizer

Awale, Raina Jama; Ali, Fathilah; Azmi, Azlin Suhaida; Puad, Noor Illi Mohamad; Anuar, Hazleen; Hassan, Azman

doi:10.3390/polym10090977

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These cracks were responsible for the final failure of the PLA pieces. These morphologies are in total accordance with the mechanical properties described above and corroborate the lower energy absorption capacity by impact due to degradation of PLA after each reprocessing cycle [71,72].…”

Section: Influence Of the Reprocessing Cycles On The Mechanical And Msupporting

confidence: 87%

“…These results were already expected by seeing the tensile properties gathered in Table 1, since the impact strength is related to the σ b and ε b values, and both tensile parameters decreased when increasing the reprocessing cycles. This progressive decrease in energy absorption capacity can be linked with the degradation process on PLA with increasing reprocessing cycles [70,71]. In each of these cycles, chain scission occurred, which resulted in PLA molecules with shorter chain lengths.…”

Section: Influence Of the Reprocessing Cycles On The Mechanical And Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Influence of the Reprocessing Cycles on the Final Properties of Polylactide Pieces Obtained by Injection Molding

et al. 2019

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This research work aims to study the influence of the reprocessing cycles on the mechanical, thermal, and thermomechanical properties of polylactide (PLA). To this end, PLA was subjected to as many as six extrusion cycles and the resultant pellets were shaped into pieces by injection molding. Mechanical characterization revealed that the PLA pieces presented relatively similar properties up to the third reprocessing cycle, whereas further cycles induced an intense reduction in ductility and toughness. The effect of the reprocessing cycles was also studied by the changes in the melt fluidity, which showed a significant increase after four reprocessing cycles. An increase in the bio-polyester chain mobility was also attained with the number of the reprocessing cycles that subsequently favored an increase in crystallinity of PLA. A visual inspection indicated that PLA developed certain yellowing and the pieces also became less transparent with the increasing number of reprocessing cycles. Therefore, the obtained results showed that PLA suffers a slight degradation after one or two reprocessing cycles whereas performance impairment becomes more evident above the fourth reprocessing cycle. This finding suggests that the mechanical recycling of PLA for up to three cycles of extrusion and subsequent injection molding is technically feasible.

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Section: Influence Of the Reprocessing Cycles On The Mechanical And Msupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Influence Of the Reprocessing Cycles On The Mechanical And Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Influence of the Reprocessing Cycles on the Final Properties of Polylactide Pieces Obtained by Injection Molding

et al. 2019

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“…Also, the interfacial adhesion of PLA and chitin plays a significant factor in the value of the impact strength. The interfacial adhesion between PLA and starch is seen to reduce with increased starch content as reported by [27]. The scan electron microscopy of the impact fractured surface shows a smooth morphology of the fractured samples (Figure 3).…”

Section: Impact and Morphological Propertiessupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The tensile modulus value reduced compared with the pure polylactic acid [27], but the value of the modulus increases with an increase in chitin percentage and reduction in starch. Sample B was seen to have the highest yield strength and young modulus value.…”

Section: Impact and Morphological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 85%

Plasticizer Enhancement on the Miscibility and Thermomechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid-Chitin-Starch Composites

et al. 2020

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In previous research, a polylactic chitin starch composite was prepared without the use of a solvent to enhance the miscibility. In this study, a polylactic acid (PLA) chitin starch composite was produced with chloroform as a plasticizer in the ratio 1:10. The blending of chitin and starch with PLA ranges from 2% to 8%. Tensile strength, impact, thermogravimetry analysis-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA)-FTIR, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to test the thermomechanical properties. Also, the morphological properties, water absorption, and wear rate of the material was observed. The results showed that the tensile strength, yield strength, and impact strength were improved compared to the pure polylactic acid. Also, the elastic modulus of the samples increased, but were lower compared to that of the pure polylactic acid. The result of the fractured surface morphology showed good miscibility of the blending, which accounted for the good mechanical properties recorded in the study. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric analysis DTA show a single degradation and peak respectively, which is also shown in the glass temperature measures from the DSC analysis. The water absorption test shows that the water absorption rate increases with starch content and the wear rate recorded sample A (92% P/8% C) as the highest. The high miscibility projected was achieved with no void, with the use of chloroform as a plasticizer.

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“…However, both are widely used for soft 3D printed objects that require flexibility and stretchability. Another soft printing material is soft polylactic acid (soft PLA) [11], which is a thermoplastic polymer that is considered to be more eco-friendly compared to other 3D printing materials. The softness of soft PLA is mostly indicated with Shore values.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Patterns for Soft 3D Printed Fabrications

Chynybekova¹,

Choi²

2019

Symmetry

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Rapid improvements in 3D printing technology bring about new possibilities to print with different types of printing materials. New studies have investigated and presented various printing methodologies. However, the majority of these studies are targeted at experimenting with rigid 3D printed objects rather than soft 3D printed fabrications. The presented research considers soft 3D printing, particularly focusing on the development of flexible patterns based on non-homogenous hybrid honeycombs for the interior of 3D printed objects to improve their flexibility and additional stretchability including the lightweight interior. After decomposing the area of an object into regions, our method creates a specific design where patterns are positioned at each partitioned region of the object area by connecting opposite sides of the boundary. The number of regions is determined according to application requirements or by user demands. The current study provides the results of conducted experiments. The aim of this research is to create flexible, stretchable, and lightweight soft 3D printed objects by exploring their deformation responses under tension, compression and flexure tests. This method generates soft 3D printed fabrications with physical properties that meet user demands.

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Enhanced Flexibility of Biodegradable Polylactic Acid/Starch Blends Using Epoxidized Palm Oil as Plasticizer

Cited by 55 publications

References 23 publications

Study of the Influence of the Reprocessing Cycles on the Final Properties of Polylactide Pieces Obtained by Injection Molding

Study of the Influence of the Reprocessing Cycles on the Final Properties of Polylactide Pieces Obtained by Injection Molding

Plasticizer Enhancement on the Miscibility and Thermomechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid-Chitin-Starch Composites

Flexible Patterns for Soft 3D Printed Fabrications

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