Enhanced fire-proofing performance and crystallizability of bio-based poly(L-lactic acid): Dual functions of a Schiff base-containing synergistic flame retardant

Wu, Jingxuan; Yin, Zhe; Sun, Xiaoyu; Zhang, Xiaolei; Zhu, Zhe; Xu, Zhen; Yang, Jinjun; Xie, Zhanghua; Li, Yanbo; Yang, Xuemei; Huang, Qianrui; Liu, Juan; Wang, Junsheng

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.163

Cited by 16 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 77 publications

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“…As is well-known, the addition of flame retardants (FRs) is the most convenient and economical method to improve flame retardancy of PLA. Considering the impact on the environment, various halogen-free FRs have been investigated to improve the flame retardancy of PLA. − Among them, phosphorus-containing FRs have attracted wide attention due to environmentally friendly and efficient advantages. − Zhao et al successfully fabricated a modified ammonium polyphosphate (MAPP) with hierarchical micronanostructures . The addition of 5 wt % MAPP endowed PLA composite with UL-94 V-0 grade and improved material toughness .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Ultraviolet Shielding, and Preserved Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Fully Biobased Multifunctional Additives by a Green Method

Zhong,

Xu,

Niu

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Flammability, slow nucleation rates, and poor UV-shielding limit the widespread use of the bioplastic polylactic acid (PLA). Traditional functional additives usually have the disadvantages of complicated synthesis process, environmental unfriendliness, single function, etc., and after blending with PLA, it will also lead to the degradation of mechanical properties. In this work, fully biobased multifunctional additives (PN) were prepared by a simple and green aqueous phase electrostatic self-assembly method using biobased phytic acid and nicotinamide as monomers. Incorporation of only 2 wt % PN endowed PLA with the limiting oxygen index of 29.0% and the UL-94 rating of V-0, meeting the standard for flame-retardant materials. Flame-retardant mechanisms of PLA/PN composites were mainly gas phase. In addition, the UV protection factor value of PLA was increased to 90.8, showing good UV shielding ability. It was noteworthy that the incorporation of PN increased the nucleation density of PLA, thus maintaining better mechanical properties of PLA. Therefore, this work provides a green and efficient method for the large-scale preparation of fully biobased multifunctional additives, which is expected to expand the application areas of PLA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Ultraviolet Shielding, and Preserved Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Fully Biobased Multifunctional Additives by a Green Method

Zhong,

Xu,

Niu

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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A multi‐element flame retardant for rail transit to improve the flame retardant performance of epoxy resin while reducing smoke density

Cai,

Huang,

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A P/N/Si structure flame retardant DTBD was successfully synthesized by 3,5‐diaminobenzoic acid, 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO), triphenylsilanol, and benzaldehyde. The chemical structure of DTBD was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra, which showed that DTBD was successfully synthesized. By analyzing the curing behavior, the addition of DTBD promoted the curing of epoxy resin (EP). According to the limited oxygen index (LOI) and UL‐94 vertical combustion tests, it can be shown that the introduction of DTBD makes the epoxy resin have good self‐extinguishing properties. Py‐GC/MS analysis showed that the phosphorus free radicals and ammonia generated in the gas phase of DTBD could quench and dilute by capturing reactive free radicals and refractory gases. DTBD could improve the tensile and flexural properties of epoxy resin. According to the European flame retardant standard EN45545‐2, the Ds of EP‐15 and EP‐20 obtained HL1 grade. With the increase in DTBD content, the VOF4 of modified EP also gradually decreased, and both EP‐15 and EP‐20 obtained HL2 grade.

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Flame‐retardant epoxy resin with good smoke‐suppression endowed by chitosan–cobalt/phosphorus complex

Wu,

Zhou,

Pan

et al. 2023

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Chitosan‐based flame‐retardant CS–Co–DOPA (CCD) was synthesized by the neutralization reaction of 10‐hydroxy‐9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxo‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPA) with chitosan‐cobalt complex and fully characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive spectrometer, x‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), optical emission spectrometer, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) characterizations. The epoxy resin (EP) modified with CCD exhibited good flame retardancy. With the addition of 5 wt% CCD, the EP/CCD achieved UL‐94 V‐1 rating and possessed limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 30%. Cone calorimetry (CC) test demonstrated that EP/CCD resulted in a remarkable reduction of peak smoke production rate (pSPR) and total smoke production (TSP) by 63% and 40%, respectively, showing an outstanding smoke suppression. The char residue obtained from the CC test was further characterized using SEM, FTIR, Raman, and XPS techniques. The results revealed that CCD facilitated the formation of a dense and compact char layer on EP during combustion, thereby impeding gas and heat transfer. In addition, TG‐IR was employed to investigate the gas‐phase flame‐retardant effect of EP/CCD composites, which revealed that CCD promotes the release of water, CO2, and other incombustible gases, altering the decomposition path of EP.

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Enhanced fire-proofing performance and crystallizability of bio-based poly(L-lactic acid): Dual functions of a Schiff base-containing synergistic flame retardant

Cited by 16 publications

References 77 publications

Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Ultraviolet Shielding, and Preserved Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Fully Biobased Multifunctional Additives by a Green Method

Enhanced Flame Retardancy, Ultraviolet Shielding, and Preserved Mechanical Properties of Polylactic Acid with Fully Biobased Multifunctional Additives by a Green Method

A multi‐element flame retardant for rail transit to improve the flame retardant performance of epoxy resin while reducing smoke density

Flame‐retardant epoxy resin with good smoke‐suppression endowed by chitosan–cobalt/phosphorus complex

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