Enhanced fine flake graphite flotation and reduced carbon emission by a novel water-in-oil kerosene emulsion

Qiu, Yangshuai; Zhang, Lingyan; Liu, Qiuping; Mao, Zhenfei; Qian, Yupeng

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129603

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Natural graphite, as one of the critical raw materials, can be classified into microcrystalline/aphanitic (amorphous) and crystalline (flake) based on crystallinity as well as grain (flake) size and shape. , The grade of flake graphite is generally lower, and its washability is higher than other types, such as dense crystalline graphite and microcrystalline graphite. By increasing the demand for flake graphite, the beneficiation of fine and ultrafine graphite ores (fine flake and aphanitic graphite) has been widely considered. − Flotation and chemical purification (leaching) are the main processes for upgrading graphite and its ash removal. , Prior to chemical purification, flotation separation is commonly used for the preliminary enrichment of raw graphite ore with the highest amount of graphite, ∼95% …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By increasing the demand for flake graphite, the beneficiation of fine and ultrafine graphite ores (fine flake and aphanitic graphite) has been widely considered. 3 − 10 Flotation and chemical purification (leaching) are the main processes for upgrading graphite and its ash removal. 11 , 12 Prior to chemical purification, flotation separation is commonly used for the preliminary enrichment of raw graphite ore with the highest amount of graphite, ∼95%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasound Pretreatment for Enhancing Fine and Ultrafine Flake Graphite Flotation Beneficiation

Tong,

Lu,

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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With the severe depletion of coarse flake graphite (a critical raw material) resources, developing and utilizing fine and ultrafine graphite resources have recently attracted attention. Froth flotation is a widely used technique for the initial enrichment of graphite; however, the flotation selectivity decreases significantly along with particle size reduction. Ultrasound pretreatment would be a promising method to improve the flotation of fine particles. As an innovative approach to understand better the flotation response of different flake graphite sizes, this study conducted a comparative analysis based on flotation concentrate yield and ash as well as ash removal rate between the flake graphite with various particle sizes after ultrasound pretreatment. Particle size, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses were used to investigate the effect of ultrasound treatment on mineralogical properties of the flake graphite with varied particle sizes. Process outcomes indicated that the flotation performance of fine flake graphite (mean chord length: 62.63 μm) was significantly enhanced after ultrasound pretreatment. However, flotation of the ultrafine flake graphite (mean chord length: 24.97 μm) after ultrasound treatment was limited due to the difficulty of generating sufficient fragmentation and dissociation by microjets and shock waves formed by the cavitation effect. Compared with conventional flotation, the concentrate yield of ultrasound flotation increased from 88.95 to 94.98%, ash content decreased from 5.72 to 4.87%, and ash removal rate enhanced from 36.94 to 42.61%. Particle size and mineral property analyses confirmed that further crushing and dissociation of the larger flake graphite after ultrasound pretreatment would be the main factors contributing to improved flotation performance. Additionally, the formation of air flocs in the coarse flake graphite during the ultrasound pretreatment process facilitated the flotation recovery of the crushed graphite particles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasound Pretreatment for Enhancing Fine and Ultrafine Flake Graphite Flotation Beneficiation

Tong,

Lu,

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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“…Flake graphite exhibits a stronger hydrophobicity and is more floatable than amorphous graphite [7][8][9][10][11][12]. As illustrated in Figure 1, graphite beneficiation generally consists of a multistage grinding and flotation process [13,14]. The main reasons for this are described as follows: (1) to preserve the high-value large graphite flakes from being damaged by overgrinding, and (2) to gradually liberate the gangue minerals embedded in between the graphite flakes or the graphite intercalated in the gangue minerals [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Flotation of Fine Flake Graphite Using a Modified Thickening Process

Peng

Fang

et al. 2023

Separations

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Natural graphite ores are usually upgraded by froth flotation. However, complex processes with multistage grinding and flotation are required to achieve decent liberation and separation of graphite and gangue minerals. This study reports a short and improved flotation process for fine flake graphite ore by employing a thickening stage. The results indicated that increasing the regrinding concentration via thickening can improve the grinding efficiency and, thus, shorten the separation process. With thickening, a high-grade intermediate concentrate of 96.01% was obtained after three steps of cleaner flotation, which is close to the final concentrate after five steps. Particle size distribution analysis and FIB-SEM-EDS studies suggested that the main contribution of thickening–regrinding was to achieve better abrasion rather than attrition of the graphite flakes, thus liberating the interlayer impurities without reducing the size of the graphite flakes. This study offers a more cost-effective pathway for the simplified flotation of natural graphite ores.

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“…Due to the small, disseminated particle size of cryptocrystalline graphite impurities, the particle size after grinding is too small, which is not conducive to obtaining high grade concentrate by the traditional flotation method [2,4]. To this end, various methods, such as collector emulsification [5][6][7][8] and grinding-pretreatment [4,9], high-shear flocculation [10,11], ultrasonic treatment [12], nanobubble flotation [13] and equipment optimization [14,15], have been used to improve the graphite flotation effect. However, the highest grade of graphite flotation concentrate could only reach about 95% carbon content because part of the impurity minerals was distributed in the concentrate particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Flotation Reagents on Flotation Kinetics of Aphanitic (Microcrystalline) Graphite

Tong

Sha

et al. 2022

Separations

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The flotation method is widely used for the preliminary beneficiation of aphanitic (microcrystalline) graphite. However, there is limited literature regarding the effects of flotation reagents on the flotation kinetics of aphanitic graphite. In this study, six commonly used flotation kinetic models were used to fit the flotation experimental data of aphanitic graphite. The classical first-order model was found to be most suitable for describing flotation kinetics of aphanitic graphite. The modified flotation rate constant (Km) was then applied to evaluate the effects of collector, frother, and inhibitor on aphanitic graphite flotation kinetics. Compared to diesel oil and terpineol oil, kerosene and 2-octanol produced a greater Km. The highest Km was obtained at an inhibitor dosage of 15 mg/L.

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Enhanced fine flake graphite flotation and reduced carbon emission by a novel water-in-oil kerosene emulsion

Cited by 14 publications

References 50 publications

Ultrasound Pretreatment for Enhancing Fine and Ultrafine Flake Graphite Flotation Beneficiation

Ultrasound Pretreatment for Enhancing Fine and Ultrafine Flake Graphite Flotation Beneficiation

Improved Flotation of Fine Flake Graphite Using a Modified Thickening Process

Effects of Flotation Reagents on Flotation Kinetics of Aphanitic (Microcrystalline) Graphite

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