Enhanced Expression of Thaumatin-like Protein Gene (LeTLP1) Endows Resistance to Trichoderma atroviride in Lentinula edodes

Abstract

Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushrooms) is heavily affected by the infection of Trichoderma atroviride, causing yield loss and decreases quality in shiitake mushrooms. The selection and breeding of fungal-resistant L. edodes species are an important approach to protecting L. edodes from T. atroviride infection. Herein, a highly resistant L. edodes strain (Y3334) and a susceptible strain (Y55) were obtained by using a resistance evaluation test. Transcriptome analyses and qRT-PCR detection showed that the expression level of LeTLP1 (LE01Gene05009) was strongly induced in response to T. atroviride infection in the resistant Y3334. Then, LeTLP1-silenced and LeTLP1-overexpression transformants were obtained. Overexpression of LeTLP1 resulted in resistance to T. atroviride. Compared with the parent strain Y3334, LeTLP1-silenced transformants had reduced resistance relative to T. atroviride. Additionally, the LeTLP1 protein (Y3334) exhibited significant antifungal activity against T. atroviride. These findings suggest that overexpression of LeTLP1 is a major mechanism for the resistance of L. edodes to T. atroviride. The molecular basis provides a theoretical basis for the breeding of resistant L. edodes strains and can eventually contribute to the mushroom cultivation industry and human health.

Lessons on fruiting body morphogenesis from genomes and transcriptomes of Agaricomycetes

“…Structure prediction for an A. ostoyae developmentally expressed protein indicated an acidic cleft in the 3D structure, characteristic of antimicrobial members of the family (Krizsán et al 2019). A new report of antifungal activity of the thaumatin-like protein Le.TLP1 in L. edodes further supports putative defense roles for the GH152 family (Ma et al 2021).…”

Phylogenetic Analysis of Trichoderma Species Associated with Green Mold Disease on Mushrooms and Two New Pathogens on Ganoderma sichuanense

“…To date, more than forty Trichoderma species have been reported to be associated with mushroom green mold disease. Trichoderma atroviride , T. harzianum , T. koningii , T. longibrachiatum , T. pseudokoningii , and T. viride are the six most commonly cited species causing disease on edible mushrooms ( Table 2 ), all of which could infect six to eleven species of cultivated mushrooms [ 61 , 64 , 68 , 73 , 83 , 91 , 119 , 122 , 123 ]. Before this study, there were seven known species that could cause G. sichuanense diseases, namely, T. koningii, T. longibrachiatum , T. pseudokoningii , T. viride , T. atrobrunneum , T. ganodermatis [ 47 ], and T. hengshanicum [ 87 ], while T. orientale can cause disease on G. applanatum [ 124 ].…”

Genome-wide identification of small GTPase gene family members in Lentinula edodes and their expression profiling under adversity stress

“…Arl2 is involved in regulating mitochondrial transport and apoptosis [41], and these signaling pathway regulated by genes are responsible for the color change of L. edodes. Heat stress and trichoderma stress can pose fatal damage to L. edodes [16,42] . Our data showed that each of 5 Le-small GTPase subfamilies such as Rho and Ran made the response to heat stress and trichoderma spp.…”

“…Heat stress and the infection of Trichoderma spp. could cause huge losses for L. edodes cultivation in China and other Asian cultivation area [1,16,17]. The small GTPases play important roles in physiological processes such as environmental stress response and changing intracellular metabolic flow in fungi [3].…”