Enhanced energy coupling for indirect-drive fast-ignition fusion targets

Zhang, F.; Cai, Hong-bo; Zhou, Weimin; Dai, Zhensheng; Shan, Lianqiang; Xu, Han; Chen, J. B.; Ge, Fengjun; Tang, Qi; Zhang, W. S.; Wei, Liu-Lei; Liu, D. X.; Gu, Jiayang; Du, Huabing; Bi, Bo; Wu, S. Z.; Li, J.; Liu, Feng; Zhang, H.; Zhang, B.; He, Miaohong; Yu, Miao; Yang, Z. H.; Wang, W. W.; Zhang, H. S.; Cui, Bo; Yang, Lei; Wu, J. F.; Qi, Weizhi; Cao, Lihua; Li, Z.; Liu, H. J.; Yang, Yuexiang; Ren, Guoli; Tian, Chao; Yuan, Zhao; Zheng, Wudi; Cao, Liangcai; Zhou, C. T.; Zou, Shiyang; Gu, Yuqiu; Du, Keming; Ding, Yongkun; Zhang, B. H.; Zhu, Shaoping; Zhang, W. Y.; He, X. T.

doi:10.1038/s41567-020-0878-9

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) ( Betti and Hurricane, 2016 ; Atzeni and Meyer-ter-Vehn, 2004 ; Lindl, 1998 ), one of the most promising ways to control thermonuclear fusion reaction, has shown huge potential for the ultimate realization of fusion ignition ( Jeff, 2021 ; Zhang et al., 2020 ; Edwards et al., 2013 ). Among the multiple parts of ICF experiments, target is essential, whose quality has an extremely important influence on the reliability and degree of precision for subsequent experimental results ( Tucker-Schwartz et al., 2010 ; Antipa et al., 2013 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum tunneling of hydrogen atom transfer affects mandrel degradation in inertial confinement fusion target fabrication

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2022

iScience

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Summary Poly-α-methylstyrene (PAMS) is considered as the preferred mandrel material, whose degradation is crucial for the fabrication of high-quality inertial confinement fusion (ICF) targets. Herein, we reveal that hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) during PAMS degradation, which is usually attributed to the thermal effect, unexpectedly exhibits a strong high-temperature tunneling effect. Specifically, although the energy barrier of the HAT reaction is only 10 −2 magnitude different from depolymerization, the tunneling probability of the former can be 14–32 orders of magnitude greater than that of the latter. Furthermore, chain scission following HAT will lead to a variety of products other than monomers. Our work highlights that quantum tunneling may be an important source of uncertainty in PAMS degradation, which will provide a direction for the further development of key technology of target fabricating in ICF research and even the solution of plastic pollution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum tunneling of hydrogen atom transfer affects mandrel degradation in inertial confinement fusion target fabrication

Zhu

Yang

et al. 2022

iScience

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“…These defects will degrade the mechanical stability of the optics in extreme environment, such as space telescopes [1] and deep-ultraviolet detectors [2] . And in high-power solid-state laser devices [3,4] , even small-sized defects can cause the laser damage threshold to decrease, which becomes one of the key factors limiting the increase of energy density [5,6] . It is necessary to detect and evaluate SDs and SSDs accurately, and reduce them during processing or subsequent processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection Of Surface Defects And Subsurface Defects Of Polished Optics With Multisensor Image Fusion

Sun

Wang

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Surface defects (SDs) and subsurface defects (SSDs) are the key factors decreasing the laser damage threshold of optics. Due to the spatially stacked structure, accurately detecting and distinguishing them has become a major challenge. Herein a detection method for SDs and SSDs with multisensor image fusion is proposed. The optics is illuminated by a laser under dark field condition, and the defects are excited to generate scattering and fluorescence lights, which are received by two image sensors in a wide-field microscope. With the modified algorithms of image registration and feature-level fusion, different types of defects are identified and extracted from the scattering and fluorescence images. Experiments show that two imaging modes can be realized simultaneously by multisensor image fusion, and HF etching verifies that SDs and SSDs of polished optics can be accurately distinguished. This method provides a more targeted reference for the evaluation and control of the defects of optics, and exhibits potential in the application of material surface research.

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“…The polymer degradation is not only an important topic in the environment protection ( Wang et al., 2016 ; Yang et al., 2009 ; Guo et al., 2012 ; Rhodes, 2018 ; Xu et al., 2019 ) but also the key process for the fabrication of nuclear fuel targets used in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) ( Zhang et al., 2020 ; Glenzer et al., 2010 ; Betti and Hurricane, 2016 ; Hurricane et al., 2014 ). In particular, the latest progress in achieving burning plasma and reaching the ignition threshold signals a big step toward delivering the promise of nuclear fusion as the ultimate solution to energy problems ( Kritcher et al., 2022 ; Zylstra et al., 2022 ; Clery, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%