Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of metals-contaminated clay

Kornilovich, B. Yu.; Mishchuk, N. A.; Abbruzzese, K.; Pshinko, G. N.; Klishchenko, R. E.

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2005.02.042

Cited by 63 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In order to enhance the mobility and removal of heavy metals in electric fields, several techniques have been applied to electrokinetic systems, such as control of the pH of the electrolyte to prevent metal-hydroxide precipitation [19][20][21][22], use of various chelating reagents [7,9], ionexchange membranes [13,20], the polarity exchange technique [23], and pulsed voltage [19,24,25]. In this study, a pulsed power supply was used to increase extraction of heavy metals from the soil surface and to decrease polarization and electrical energy consumption by periodically supplying an electric field [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulsed electrokinetic removal of Cd and Zn from fine-grained soil

et al. 2009

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Pulsed electrokinetics studies were carried out to optimize the removal of Zn and Cd from fine-grained soils and to observe the effects of varying the pulse frequency, pulse time ratio (on/off), and DC voltage gradient. Existing forms of heavy metals in the soil matrix were determined using a sequential extraction method. The strongly bound fraction (bound to organic matter and residuals) that is difficult to remove from the soil matrix comprised 74 and 62% of the total Zn and Cd, respectively. In the electrokinetic remediation experiments, MgSO 4 was employed to increase the ionic strength of the soil for 2 weeks. Transportation of heavy metals was influenced by the frequency, pulse ratio, and the voltage gradient of the pulsed electric field. Extraction efficiency of Zn and Cd near the anode was correlated positively with the voltage gradient at a given pulse and ratio. A high pulse frequency (1,800 cycles/h) enhanced the removal efficiency of the heavy metals compared to a low pulse frequency (1,200 cycles/h) at a supplied voltage gradient of 1 V/cm. Although pulsed electrokinetics was more effective in extracting and desorbing ions near the anode than conventional electrokinetics, its ability to transport heavy metals from the anode to the cathode was relatively small. Total removals with pulsed electrokinetics were 21-31% for Zn and 18-24% for Cd. In summary, pulsed electrokinetics can enhance removal efficiency of heavy metals and is beneficial with regard to electrical energy consumption.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reddy and Saichek found that application of periodic electric potential increased phenanthrene solubilization and mass transfer [10]. In addition, Kornilovich et al [19,25] reported that pulsed regimes have similar removal efficiency compared to constant regimes but provide noticeable electrical energy savings due to pause time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed electrokinetic removal of Cd and Zn from fine-grained soil

et al. 2009

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“…(7), for the third pulse should be obtained with the new boundary condition e Vð e t 1 ;e r ¼ 1Þ ¼ e V eo;3 (21) where the velocity of the EOF on the boundary of the EDL, e V eo,3 , could be either the same as in first pulse or take every possible value, including zero.…”

Section: Third and Subsequent Pulsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, papers investigating the application of an electroacoustic field [12] and the measurement of dielectric dispersion to the study of disperse systems fall into this category [13][14][15][16]. Few papers have been also devoted to the development of the theoretical basis for the application of a nonstationary (pulsed) regime to the intensification of electrodialysis [17][18][19], electrofiltration [20], and soil remediation [21] and to the use of an aperiodical (nonsinusoidal) regime for the investigation of the nonlinear component of electrophoresis [22][23][24]. Some analysis of nonstationary processes were also performed in the investigation of electroosmosis of the second kind [25,26].…”

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confidence: 99%

Nonstationary electroosmotic flow in open cylindrical capillaries

Mishchuk

González‐Caballero

2006

Electrophoresis

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A theoretical model of the EOF established in a wide capillary after the application of a stepwise voltage has been developed. Both periodical and aperiodical flow regimes were studied with arbitrary pulse/pulse or pulse/pause durations and amplitudes. The numerical analysis performed for a few types of periodical regimes showed the peculiarities of the profiles of liquid velocity and its displacement both for the transition to the stationary regime and for the quasi-stationary periodical and aperiodical regimes.

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“…In practice, acid washing and a chelator soil washing are the two most prevalent removal methods used [14,15]. Recently, acetic acid or sodium dodecyl sulfate has been used as an electrolyte for electrokinetic decontamination to increase the removal efficiency of a metal [16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of radioactive concrete using electrokinetic technology

2010

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The experimental results of the electrokinetic decontamination with 0.01 M of nitric acid were that the cesium ions were removed by up to 52% from the concrete after 15 days, also the cobalt ions were only removed by up to 0.7%. The concrete should be washed with H 2 SO 4 as a pretreatment before electrokintic decontamination to lower its pH below 4.0. The removal efficiencies of 60 Co and 137 Cs by nitric acid were increased by 3.1 and 2.5% more than those by acetic acid. The larger the particle size of the concrete, the more the removal efficiencies of 60 Co and 137 Cs were increased. Also, the removal efficiencies of 60 Co and 137 Cs by the application of an electric current of 20 mA/cm 2 were increased by 1.6 and 3.9% more than those by the application of 10 mA/cm 2 . The removal efficiencies of 60 Co and 137 Cs from the radioactive concrete of 1,940 Bq/kg were 99.8 and 92.3% by electrokinetic decontamination after pretreatment by the application of an electric current of 20 mA/cm 2 for 25 days.

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Enhanced electrokinetic remediation of metals-contaminated clay

Cited by 63 publications

References 34 publications

Pulsed electrokinetic removal of Cd and Zn from fine-grained soil

Pulsed electrokinetic removal of Cd and Zn from fine-grained soil

Nonstationary electroosmotic flow in open cylindrical capillaries

Decontamination of radioactive concrete using electrokinetic technology

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