Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Zr‐Modified Layered LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Zr‐modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3−xZrxO2 samples were prepared through a rheological‐phase method. The results indicate that there is only partial Zr doping into the bulk phase of the LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 particles, whereas the rest of the Zr remained on the surface to form a Li2ZrO3 coating layer during the Zr‐modification process. The Zr‐modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3−xZrxO2 samples show lower discharge specific capacities at low rates, however, which exhibit clearly improved rate capabilities than that of pristine LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2. Among the Zr‐modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3−xZrxO2 samples, LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3−0.01Zr0.01O2 (x=0.01) shows the best rate capability, which exhibts158, 142, and 132 mAh g−1 at 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 C, respectively. The related results indicate that the doped Zr in pristine LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 could improve the structure stability and the formation of an inactive Li2ZrO3 coating layer which could suppress the interfacial side reaction of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2.

The Role of Zr Doping in Stabilizing Li[Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2]O2 as a Cathode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…[10][11][12][13] The Li + /Ni 2 + cation mixingi sb elieved to be ak ey factor for the structural instability and phase transformation during the electrochemical cycling and it also leads to the high activationenergy barrierfor Li diffusion. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Among these, bulk doping has proved to be an effective method to enhancet he cycle and rate performance by stabilizing the structure and increasing the Li + diffusion rate. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Among these, bulk doping has proved to be an effective method to enhancet he cycle and rate performance by stabilizing the structure and increasing the Li + diffusion rate.…”

“…[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Among these, bulk doping has proved to be an effective method to enhancet he cycle and rate performance by stabilizing the structure and increasing the Li + diffusion rate. [31,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] However,t he microscopici nvestigation of cation mixing and structural stabilitya tt he atomics cale has not yet been demonstrated. [31,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] However,t he microscopici nvestigation of cation mixing and structural stabilitya tt he atomics cale has not yet been demonstrated.…”

“…[14][15][16][17][18] Various strategies have been proposed to improvet he electrochemical performance of layered Ni-rich cathode materials including composite material design, [8,19,20] surface coating, [21][22][23][24][25] and bulk doping. [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] Among these, bulk doping has proved to be an effective method to enhancet he cycle and rate performance by stabilizing the structure and increasing the Li + diffusion rate. [31][32][33] Several doping elements have been investigated, [26][27][28][29][30] of which Zr is considered to be ap romising dopant because of itsl arger ionic radius compared to other transition metals (Ni 2 + ,C o 3 + ,a nd Mn 4 + )a long with as trongerZ r ÀO bond formation compared with Ni, Co, andM n. Zr-doped layered cathode materials have shown enhanced cycle life and rate capability.T he improved electrochemical performance of Zr-doped layered cathode materials has been attributedt or educed cation mixing, fast Li + -transportation kinetics, and lower impedance, which has been mainly confirmed by Rietveld refinementa nd electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).…”

A sandwich‐structured separator based on in situ coated polyaniline on polypropylene membrane for improving the electrolyte wettability in lithium‐ion batteries

“…To meet the needs of power batteries used for electric vehicles, developing high-performance LIBs with high energy density and long lifetime has become increasingly important in recent years [1][2][3][4][5] . To meet the needs of power batteries used for electric vehicles, developing high-performance LIBs with high energy density and long lifetime has become increasingly important in recent years [1][2][3][4][5] .…”

Synergy of Nyquist and Bode Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Studies to Assess the Effect of Morphology on the Electrochemical Properties of Li‐Ni‐Mn‐Al‐O Materials

“…The existence of Ni contributes to a better discharge capacity, while Mn enhances the structural stability, and Co can partly suppress cation disorder ,. However, the rate capability of NCM is poor, and its capacity degrades fast when cycled at high current density . Numerous efforts have been devoted to handling above issues of NCM.…”