“…A detailed examination of the relevant literature [3,[8][9][10]37,42,[100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112]114,[134][135][136][137][138][139] showed that TEM, XRD, EDS, Raman, and IR spectroscopy, alongside thermogravimetric analysis and electrochemical methods, are the most commonly used techniques to characterize the structure of composites based on [M(Salen)] and poly-[M(Salen)] with various carbon materials, such as carbon nanotubes, single-walled carbon nanohorns (SWNHs), graphene, graphene oxide (GO), reduced GO (rGO), nitrogen-doped graphene, few-layer graphene (FLG), etc. At the same time, XPS is not widely used for the above-mentioned composites despite the fact that it is the most powerful method for identifying the chemical state of functional atoms in nanostructured composite materials.…”