Enhanced Eco-Friendly Concrete Nano-Change with Eggshell Powder

Fundamental knowledge of the processes of cement gel formation for new generation concretes is a scientific deficit. Studies aimed at the formation of a cement gel for standard vibrated concrete research, and especially for centrifugally compacted concrete, are of interest because the structure of this concrete differs significantly from the structure of standard vibrated concrete. This article aims to study the fundamental dependencies of the theoretical and practical values that occur during compaction using vibration, as well as the centrifugal force of new emerging concrete structures. New theoretical findings about the processes of cement gel formation for three technologies were developed: vibrating, centrifuging, and vibrocentrifuging of concrete; the fundamental difference in gel formation has been determined, the main physical and chemical processes were described, and a significant effect of technology on the gel formation process was established. The influence of indirect characteristics based on the processes of cement gel formation, rheological properties of concrete mixtures, water squeezing processes, and the ratio between the liquid and solid phases in the mixture was evaluated. The process of formation of cement gel for centrifugally compacted cement systems was studied and graphical dependences were constructed, giving answers to the mechanism of interaction according to the principle “composition-rheological characteristics-structure-properties of concrete”. The quantitative aspect of the achieved result is expressed in the increase in the indicators demonstrated by centrifuged and especially vibrocentrifuged samples compared to vibrated ones. Additionally, in terms of strength indicators, vibrocentrifuged samples demonstrated an increase from 22% to 32%, depending on the type of strength, and the rheological characteristics of concrete mixes differed by 80% and 300% in terms of delamination.

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“…Technological and testing equipment and measuring instruments were used the same as in [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Investigation of Compacting Cement Systems for Studying the Fundamental Process of Cement Gel Formation

Beskopylny

Stel’makh

Shcherban’

et al. 2022

Gels

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“…However, some studies reported a reduction in strength when cement is replaced with high percentages of ESP, especially above 10%. Furthermore, with high ESP dosage, the modulus of elasticity is also decreased [17][18][19]. Thus, the optimum percentage of ESP recommended is only 10% to 15%, whether in concrete, cement mortar, reinforced concrete, or clay brick applications [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Potential of Quarry Waste Fines and Eggshells for the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tobermorite at Varying Cement Content

Saldia,

Bacosa,

Vegafria

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Quarry waste fines and eggshells are unavoidable wastes which relentlessly contribute to environmental loads and pollution. Although many studies have suggested various methods for recycling, these wastes remain underutilized due to some technical constraints. In addition, no study has yet explored the possibility of combining quarry waste fines (QWF) and eggshell powder (ESP) for tobermorite synthesis. Tobermorite is the main component which primarily provides strength to autoclaved aerated concrete products. With this in mind, this study seeks to evaluate the potential of QWF-ESP mix at 10%, 15%, and 20% amounts of cement, respectively. The XRF, XRD, and TGA–DTA techniques were used to characterize the waste materials, while physical and mechanical property tests and XRD analysis were performed on the autoclaved samples. It was found that QWF contains 53.77% SiO2 and ESP contains 97.8% CaO which are key components for tobermorite synthesis. This study also revealed that the mixture with only 10% cement has the highest compressive strength among the QWF-ESP samples. Furthermore, the formation of tobermorite in the samples was confirmed through XRD analysis. Hence, the hydrothermal curing of QWF-ESP can be further developed to produce functional tobermorite-bearing materials.

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“…This is a record value that exceeded the values of previous years (419 ppm for 2021 and 417 ppm for 2020) [ 6 ]. Several studies have been devoted to solving a similar problem—the disposal of agricultural, industrial waste, fuel, and energy complex in concrete, but at the same time in concrete based on cement [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. At the same time, it should be noted that geopolymer concretes are even more promising, environmentally friendly, and economical due to the absence of clinker binders in them and the use of more environmentally friendly cheap components in their composition, which can significantly approach the implementation of the global environmental agenda.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Retrospective and Current Issues

Meskhi,

Beskopylny,

Stel’makh

et al. 2023

Materials

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The concept of sustainable development provides for the search for environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional materials and technologies that would reduce the amount of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, do not pollute the environment, and reduce energy costs and the cost of production processes. These technologies include the production of geopolymer concretes. The purpose of the study was a detailed in-depth analytical review of studies of the processes of structure formation and properties of geopolymer concretes in retrospect and the current state of the issue. Geopolymer concrete is a suitable, environmentally friendly and sustainable alternative to concrete based on ordinary Portland cement (OPC) with higher strength and deformation properties due to its more stable and denser aluminosilicate spatial microstructure. The properties and durability of geopolymer concretes depend on the composition of the mixture and the proportions of its components. A review of the mechanisms of structure formation, the main directions for the selection of compositions and processes of polymerization of geopolymer concretes has been made. The technologies of combined selection of the composition of geopolymer concrete, production of nanomodified geopolymer concrete, 3D printing of building structures from geopolymer concrete, and monitoring the state of structures using self-sensitive geopolymer concrete are considered. Geopolymer concrete with the optimal ratio of activator and binder has the best properties. Geopolymer concretes with partial replacement of OPC with aluminosilicate binder have a denser and more compact microstructure due to the formation of a large amount of calcium silicate hydrate, which provides improved strength, durability, less shrinkage, porosity and water absorption. An assessment of the potential reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from the production of geopolymer concrete compared to the production of OPC has been made. The potential of using geopolymer concretes in construction practice is assessed in detail.

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Enhanced Eco-Friendly Concrete Nano-Change with Eggshell Powder

Cited by 17 publications

References 60 publications

The Investigation of Compacting Cement Systems for Studying the Fundamental Process of Cement Gel Formation

The Investigation of Compacting Cement Systems for Studying the Fundamental Process of Cement Gel Formation

Combined Potential of Quarry Waste Fines and Eggshells for the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tobermorite at Varying Cement Content

Analytical Review of Geopolymer Concrete: Retrospective and Current Issues

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