Enhanced Drug Delivery System Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have newly developed as a potential drug delivery system. MSC-based drug delivery systems (MSCs-DDS) have made significant strides in the treatment of several illnesses, as shown by a plethora of research. However, as this area of research rapidly develops, several issues with this delivery technique have emerged, most often as a result of its intrinsic limits. To increase the effectiveness and security of this system, several cutting-edge technologies are being developed concurrently. However, the advancement of MSC applicability in clinical practice is severely hampered by the absence of standardized methodologies for assessing cell safety, effectiveness, and biodistribution. In this work, the biodistribution and systemic safety of MSCs are highlighted as we assess the status of MSC-based cell therapy at this time. We also examine the underlying mechanisms of MSCs to better understand the risks of tumor initiation and propagation. Methods for MSC biodistribution are explored, as well as the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cell therapies. We also highlight various promising technologies, such as nanotechnology, genome engineering technology, and biomimetic technology, to enhance MSC-DDS. For statistical analysis, we used analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kaplan Meier, and log-rank tests. In this work, we created a shared DDS medication distribution network using an extended enhanced optimization approach called enhanced particle swarm optimization (E-PSO). To identify the considerable untapped potential and highlight promising future research paths, we highlight the use of MSCs in gene delivery and medication, also membrane-coated MSC nanoparticles, for treatment and drug delivery.

Minoxidil delivered via a stem cell membrane delivery controlled release system promotes hair growth in C57BL/6J mice

“…However, it works slowly during treatment and may cause irritation, such as itching, redness, and scalp flaking. Finasteride may cause sexual dysfunction, such as decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, and ejaculatory dysfunction ( Friedman et al, 2002 ; Joshi et al, 2023 ; Shadi, 2023 ). Therefore, research into novel therapies for alopecia is crucial.…”

Current Strategies and Therapeutic Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Based Drug Delivery

“…Research in this field highlights several key points. MSC-based drug delivery systems have shown significant promise in delivering therapeutic agents to tumor sites [ 6 , 16 ]. Challenges include limited tumor tropism, broad biodistribution, and concerns about toxicity to non-target tissues [ 6 ].…”

“…Various types of stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), adult stem cells (ASCs), MSCs, and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been explored for their roles in wound repair. Stem cell-based drug delivery systems include innovative approaches such as stem cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (SCMNPs), stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), stem cell-laden scaffolds, and scaffold-free stem cell sheets [ 6 ]. These strategies hold significant promise as novel approaches for skin regeneration and wound healing by addressing challenges such as optimal source selection, processing methods, administration techniques, and cell survival at wound sites [ 1 , 7 , 8 ].…”

The Positive Effects of In Vivo/In Vitro Suplementation of Nanoparticles on Semen

“…Enhanced drug delivery resulting from the use of nanomaterials in embryo manipulations has shown a remarkable potential to improve the efficacy of treatments. With the ability to design nanoparticles that specifically target cells or tissues, drug delivery has become more precise (Joshi et al, 2023). Moreover, the increased solubility of hydrophobic compounds using nanoparticles can improve the bioavailability of drugs for better results (Silva et al, 2021).…”