Enhanced DNA repair in lymphocytes of Down syndrome patients: the influence of zinc nutritional supplementation

Chiricolo, Mariella; Musa, Anna Rita; Monti, Daniela; Zannoti, M.; Franceschi, Claudio

doi:10.1016/0921-8734(93)90012-r

Cited by 42 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The strongest evidence for an effect of a nutrient on DNA repair in an observational study is that of Wei et al who reported that NER was 18% lower in adults with the lowest compared with the highest tertile of folate intake [28]. One of the earliest in vivo studies showed that "abnormally" high rates of DNA repair in children with Down Syndrome were returned to normal by Zn supplementation [29]. In contrast, all the studies in which healthy volunteers were supplemented with individual nutrients (usually "antioxidant" vitamins and/or minerals) were without effect on DNA repair [30][31][32].…”

Section: Nutritional Modulation Of Dna Repairmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nutrition and DNA Repair - Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Action

Mathers¹,

Coxhead²,

Tyson

2007

CCDT

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At its most fundamental, cancer is a genetic disease in the sense that the primary events in tumorigenesis involve damage to the genome. The genome is subject to damage continuously from both exogenous agents and endogenous processes but this becomes functionally important only if the damage is not detected and resolved in a timely and effective manner. In mammals there are 5 DNA repair pathways, encoded by approximately 150 genes, which appear to have arisen early in evolution and which are highly conserved. Given the substantial epidemiological and experimental evidence that variation in dietary intake accounts for a significant proportion of the variance in cancer prevalence, an a priori case can be made that dietary factors may influence the effectiveness of DNA repair. A review of the literature has identified 4 observational and 8 intervention studies in human subjects where DNA repair (or a component thereof) has been measured in relation to nutrition. This rather limited evidence base precludes drawing definitive conclusions, but the fact that there were significant effects of dietary supplements in 5 out of the 8 intervention studies suggests that food components and/or nutritional status may influence DNA repair. This review considers possible molecular mechanisms through which such factors could modulate repair.

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Section: Nutritional Modulation Of Dna Repairmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nutrition and DNA Repair - Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Action

Mathers¹,

Coxhead²,

Tyson

2007

CCDT

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“…Fabris and colleagues 44 reported that adding zinc to the serum of individuals with DS increased their serum thymic factor (FTS) to levels normally seen in individuals without DS and also reduced the concentration of FTS inhibitory factor. Chiricolo and coworkers 59 showed that individuals with DS who were supplemented for 4 months with 1 mg of zinc/kg/day had an increase in the in vitro incorporation of thymidine into their phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated lymphocytes similar to individuals without DS. In addition, following gamma radiation induced damage to DS cells, zinc supplementation reduced the abnormally high DNA repair rate (which predisposes to mutations and increases malignant potential) in DS cells to normal levels 59 .…”

Section: Zinc Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chiricolo and coworkers 59 showed that individuals with DS who were supplemented for 4 months with 1 mg of zinc/kg/day had an increase in the in vitro incorporation of thymidine into their phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated lymphocytes similar to individuals without DS. In addition, following gamma radiation induced damage to DS cells, zinc supplementation reduced the abnormally high DNA repair rate (which predisposes to mutations and increases malignant potential) in DS cells to normal levels 59 . However, as these studies were conducted in vitro their in vivo significance remains uncertain.…”

Section: Zinc Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional supplementation in Down syndrome: theoretical considerations and current status

Ani

Grantham‐McGregor

Muller

2000

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…Therefore, caution is advised for the management of zinc supplementation with the suggestion to perform the trial for short periods and on alternate cycles only. Following this concept, zinc treatment (even if as zinc sulphate form) at the dose of 15 mg Zn ++ /day for 1 month at alternating cycles in Down's syndrome subjects, in elderly and in old infected patients restores thymic endocrine activity, lymphocyte mitogen proliferative response, CD4(+) cell number, NK cell cytotoxicity, pro-inflammatory cytokine production (Mocchegiani et al 2003;Franceschi et al 1988;Kahmann et al 2006;Kahmann et al 2008) and DNA repair (Chiricolo et al 1993). Clinically, significant reductions of relapsing infections occur in Down's syndrome subjects (Licastro et al 1994), in elderly and in old infected patients (Mocchegiani et al 2003;Prasad et al 2007).…”

Section: Potential Usefulness Of Zn Supplementation In Elderly Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc: dietary intake and impact of supplementation on immune function in elderly

Mocchegiani

Romeo

Malavolta

et al. 2012

AGE

150

123

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The diet in the elderly does not provide a sufficient level of nutrients needed to maintain an adequate healthy status leading to micronutrient deficiencies and impaired immune response with subsequent development of degenerative diseases. Nutrient "zinc" is a relevant micronutrient involved in maintaining a good integrity of many body homeostatic mechanisms, including immune efficiency, owing to its requirement for the biological activity of many enzymes, proteins and for cellular proliferation and genomic stability. Old people aged 60-65 years and older have zinc intakes below 50% of the recommended daily allowance on a given day. Many causes can be involved: among them, altered intestinal absorption, inadequate mastication, psychosocial factors, drugs interactions, altered subcellular processes (zinc transporters (Zip and ZnT family), metallothioneins, divalent metal transporter-1). Zinc supplementation may remodel the immune alterations in elderly leading to healthy ageing. Several zinc trials have been carried out with contradictory data, perhaps due to incorrect choice of an effective zinc supplementation in old subjects showing subsequent zinc toxic effects on immunity. Old subjects with specific IL-6 polymorphism (GG allele carriers; named C−) are more prone for zinc supplementation than the entire old population, in whom correct dietary habits with foods containing zinc (Mediterranean diet) may be sufficient in restoring zinc deficiency and impaired immune response. We summarise the main causes of low zinc dietary intake in elderly reporting an update on the impact of zinc supplementation upon the immune response also on the basis of individual IL-6 polymorphism.

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Enhanced DNA repair in lymphocytes of Down syndrome patients: the influence of zinc nutritional supplementation

Cited by 42 publications

References 28 publications

Nutrition and DNA Repair - Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Action

Nutrition and DNA Repair - Potential Molecular Mechanisms of Action

Nutritional supplementation in Down syndrome: theoretical considerations and current status

Zinc: dietary intake and impact of supplementation on immune function in elderly

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