Enhanced Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cells into Neurons on Graphene

In, Insik; Park, Jaesung; Sim, Sung Hyun; Sung, Minki; Kim, Kwang S.; Hong, Byung Hee; Hong, Seunghun

doi:10.1002/adma.201101503

Cited by 646 publications

(431 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…It has also been shown to be biocompatible and even beneficial in the growth of cells. [3][4][5] It is reported that graphene-based polymer nanocomposites show much improved mechanical and electrical properties when compared to other carbon filler based nanocomposites. [6][7][8][9] These unique properties have attracted researchers to investigate graphene as a reinforcing agent in biocompatible composite materials in order to improve mechanical, thermal and electrical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalently linked biocompatible graphene/polycaprolactone composites for tissue engineering

Sayyar¹,

Murray²,

Thompson³

et al. 2013

Carbon

231

156

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Two synthesis routes to graphene/polycaprolactone composites are introduced and the properties of the resulting composites compared. In the first method, mixtures are produced using solution processing of polycaprolactone and well dispersed, chemically reduced graphene oxide and in the second, an esterification reaction covalently links polycaprolactone chains to free carboxyl groups on the graphene sheets. This is achieved through the use of a stable anhydrous dimethylformamide dispersion of graphene that has been highly chemically reduced resulting in mostly peripheral ester linkages. The resulting covalently linked composites exhibit far better homogeneity and as a result, both Young's modulus and tensile strength more than double and electrical conductivities increase by 14 orders of magnitude over the pristine polymer at less than 10 per cent graphene content. In vitro cytotoxicity testing of the materials showed good biocompatibility resulting in promising materials for use as conducting substrates for the electrically stimulated growth of cells. Two synthesis routes to graphene/polycaprolactone composites are introduced and the properties of the resulting composites compared. In the first method, mixtures are produced using solution processing of polycaprolactone and well dispersed, chemically reduced graphene oxide and in the second, an esterification reaction covalently links polycaprolactone chains to free carboxyl groups on the graphene sheets. This is achieved through the use of a stable anhydrous dimethylformamide dispersion of graphene that has been highly chemically reduced resulting in mostly peripheral ester linkages. The resulting covalently linked composites exhibit far better homogeneity and as a result, both Young's modulus and tensile strength more than double and electrical conductivities increase by ≈ 14 orders of magnitude over the pristine polymer at less than 10 % graphene content. In vitro cytotoxicity testing of the materials showed good biocompatibility resulting in promising materials for use as conducting substrates for the electrically stimulated growth of cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covalently linked biocompatible graphene/polycaprolactone composites for tissue engineering

Sayyar¹,

Murray²,

Thompson³

et al. 2013

Carbon

231

156

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“…Park et al [42] showed that graphene induced differentiation of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) to neurons more effectively compared to glass substrates. Weaver et al [43] also explored the potential of a GO/PEDOT (poly 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanocomposite films for NSCs differentiation in vitro and showed that they GO composites promoted neuronal differentiation while only PEDOT surfaces lead more toward oligodendrocyte differentiation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene oxide has a neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced excitoxicity on B35 neuroblastoma cell line

Kayhan¹,

Taşdemir²,

İlhan³

et al. 2015

Anatomy

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Glutamate is one of the main excitatory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS), involved in neural transmission, development, differentiation and plasticity. It plays a vital role in neural pathways for cognition, memory and learning, and synapse induction and elimination during development, cell migration, differentiation and death. Glutamate is continuously released from neurons and uptaken from extracellular fluid. AbstractObjectives: Graphene is a quasi-two-dimensional material with unique electrical and chemical properties. In terms of biomedical applications of graphene, nervous system would be an ideal breakthrough model because neural cells are electroactive. Extreme glutamate concentrations cause excitotoxicity. In this study, we aimed to investigate if graphene can increase the resistance to glutamate stress in B35 rat neuroblastoma cells as a cultured cell model for central nervous system neurons.Methods: B35 neuroblastoma cells were grown in DMEM-F12 growth medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Graphene oxide (GO) powder was coated onto glass slides with chitosan as a thin film. B35 cells were cultured on GO films. Cells cultivated on glass slides were used as controls. After 24 h of cell culture, L-glutamine induced excitotoxicity was imposed on B35 cells. After 24 h of glutamate-induced stress, cell morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy. Cell viability was measured with MTT assay. Results:The effects of glutamate stress on cell viability were visible as early as 1 h. The cell viability on GO films was higher than that on glass slides, and cells recovered from stress within 6 h on GO surfaces. After 24 h, viability on glass surfaces was 54% lower than that on GO surfaces; these findings were supported with cell morphology observations. Conclusion:The results of this study showed that GO has a protective role in reducing glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in B35 cell culture, indicating a potential use of GO for treatment of excitotoxicity induced neurodegenerative diseases.

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“…Graphene is utilized for stem cells culture. Recently, human mesenchymal stem cell neuronal differentiation (hMSCs) was seen on the surface of graphene, as it supports a cell-adhesive coat bearing electrifying coupling impact for stimulation of stem cell differentiation [102]. Likewise, graphene additionally improved the differentiation of bones in comparison to regular growth factor [28].…”

Section: Differentiation Of Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene and graphene oxide as nanomaterials for medicine and biology application

et al. 2018

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Graphene-and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials have gained broad interests in research because of their unique physiochemical properties. The 2D allotropic structure allows it to be used in various biological fields. The biomedical applications of graphene and its composite include its use in gene and small molecular drug delivery. It is further used for biofunctionalization of protein, in anticancer therapy, as an antimicrobial agent for bone and teeth implantation. The biocompatibility of the newly synthesized nanomaterials allows its substantial use in medicine and biology. The current review summarizes the chemical structure and biological application of graphene in various fields.

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Enhanced Differentiation of Human Neural Stem Cells into Neurons on Graphene

Cited by 646 publications

References 21 publications

Covalently linked biocompatible graphene/polycaprolactone composites for tissue engineering

Covalently linked biocompatible graphene/polycaprolactone composites for tissue engineering

Graphene oxide has a neuroprotective effect against glutamate-induced excitoxicity on B35 neuroblastoma cell line

Graphene and graphene oxide as nanomaterials for medicine and biology application

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